将人机交互指令转化为安全飞行动作,避免碰撞与越界
A Model for Mediating Multi-Modal Human Intent into Safe Maneuvers for UAVs

- 把语音/图形输入当受限请求处理,非直接命令
- 通过约束检查与实时监控,确保飞行不越地形、间距和性能极限
- 适合无人机遥控、人机协作等安全敏感场景
通过语音、手势和图形界面等多模态方式与自主无人机系统交互时,直接将输入解析为可执行指令会带来安全风险。操作者请求可能违反地形限制、无人机间距离要求或飞行包线约束。本文提出一种基于需求的机动响应模型,将操作者输入视为有界的机动请求而非直接命令。请求被映射到受约束的运动基元,并通过请求-评估-执行的结构化流程处理。每项请求均带置信度,经地形、间距、工作空间和飞行包线等约束验证后,可被约束、拒绝或在持续运行监控下执行。我们进一步形式化该方法为基于需求的规范模型,其中运动基元关联显式的前置条件、不变式、保护条件和后置条件,以保障可接受性、执行安全性和应急处理。这些需求支持运行时验证与未来反应式合成。初步实验室验证表明,语音和图形界面输入可被可靠解析并安全执行为受限机动请求。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Direct human interaction with autonomous UAV systems can be enabled through modalities such as speech, gestures, and graphical interfaces. However, interpreting such inputs as directly executable commands introduces safety risks in dynamic environments. Operator requests may conflict with terrain constraints, inter-UAV separation requirements, or flight-envelope limitations. In this paper, we present a requirements-governed maneuver-response model that mediates multi-modal human intent into safe UAV maneuvers by treating operator inputs as bounded maneuver requests rather than direct commands. Requested maneuvers are mapped to constrained motion primitives and processed through a structured request-evaluate-execute pipeline. Each request is interpreted with associated confidence, validated against terrain, separation, workspace, and flight-envelope constraints, and either constrained, rejected, or executed under continuous runtime monitoring. We further formalize the approach as a requirements-based specification model in which maneuver primitives are associated with explicit preconditions, invariants, guard conditions, and postconditions governing admissibility, execution safety, and emergency handling. These requirements support runtime verification and future reactive synthesis approaches. We present an initial lab-based validation demonstrating that voice and GUI-based inputs can be reliably interpreted and safely executed as constrained maneuver requests.
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