用简历数据预测职业下一步,考虑时间和教育背景变化。
STEP: Career-Path Recommendation via Temporal and Educational Trajectory Modeling

- 结合时间衰减与教育水平建模职业轨迹动态
- 在4个数据集上显著优于现有方法,提升推荐准确率
- 适合求职规划、人才管理等场景的研究者使用
职业路径记录了数十年的技能积累、岗位转换和教育投入,其大规模理解对劳动力规划、劳动市场政策和职位推荐至关重要。简历包含工作经历、教育背景和技能的详细信息,但其非结构化、异构性和多语言特性长期阻碍系统性分析。随着大语言模型的发展,现在可以从非结构化简历中提取包含时间与教育信号的职业轨迹数据,为职业路径推荐带来新机遇。我们提出STEP(Sequential Trajectory of Employment Prediction),一种利用时间与教育信号预测职业下一步的推荐系统。STEP融合时间衰减门控循环单元(GRU)建模时间动态,基于教育水平的特征线性调制(FiLM),以及基于注意力的序列池化选择关键特征。为提升内部职业表示,我们引入ROUTE:两阶段对比学习方法,先通过无监督去噪自编码适应多语言编码器至职业领域,再进行带引导负样本的有监督对比微调。我们在四个职业轨迹数据集上评估STEP,包括改进版公开的JobHop数据集,结果表明其在下一职位预测任务上优于现有最先进基线。相关数据集与代码已公开,支持可复现的职业轨迹研究。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Career paths encode decades of skill acquisition, role transitions, and educational investment, and understanding them at scale underpins workforce planning, labor market policy, and job recommendation. Resumes are a rich source of information about career paths: they contain detailed descriptions of work experience, education, and skills. Yet their unstructured, heterogeneous, and multilingual nature has long prevented large-scale systematic analysis. With the advent of large language models (LLMs), it is now possible to source rich career trajectory data containing temporal and educational signals from unstructured resumes, enabling new opportunities for career-path recommendation. Exploiting this opportunity, we present STEP (Sequential Trajectory of Employment Prediction), a novel career-path recommendation system that leverages temporal and educational signals to predict the next job in a career trajectory. STEP integrates a time-decay Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) cell to model temporal dynamics, Feature-wise Linear Modulation (FiLM) conditioned on educational attainment, and attention-based sequence pooling to select relevant features for next job prediction. To improve internal occupation representation for STEP, we introduce ROUTE, a two-stage contrastive procedure that first adapts a multilingual encoder to the career domain via unsupervised denoising autoencoding, then performs supervised contrastive fine-tuning with guided negative selection. We evaluate STEP on four datasets of career trajectories, including an improved version of our publicly available JobHop dataset, and show that it outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in next job prediction. The dataset and code are publicly released to support reproducible career-trajectory research.
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