arXiv:2607.11838cs.CV2026-07

HASTE平台让非专业人员快速生成灾后建筑损毁地图,支持秒级分析。

HASTE: A Platform for Rapid Post-Disaster Building Damage Assessment

论文配图:HASTE: A Platform for Rapid Post-Disaster Building Damage Assessment
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 无需编码,用户仅需标注少量建筑即可生成损毁图
  • 基于预训练模型的嵌入方法仅用1/20标签达监督模型精度
  • 已用于30余次真实灾害响应,支持地震、飓风等多类灾害

大灾发生后,救援人员需在数小时内获得建筑损毁地图。现有模型依赖匹配的灾前灾后影像及相似历史数据,但灾后首日通常无法满足。我们提出HASTE(高时效应急卫星评估平台),一个无需代码的网页平台,使非机器学习工程师也能基于灾后卫星影像生成逐栋损毁图。平台采用两种方法:第一种要求用户标注灾后影像中的多边形,训练小型语义分割模型并映射至全图,再与既有建筑轮廓融合;第二种使用预训练视觉模型对每个建筑轮廓嵌入,用户仅需标注少数建筑,即可在浏览器中通过逻辑回归快速评分其余区域。我们在xBD数据集上初步实验表明,仅用灾后影像与基础模型嵌入,按轮廓聚合的特征可有效区分损毁与完好的建筑,性能媲美全监督的ResNet-50基线,且仅需其1/20的标注量。自2023年以来,HASTE及其前身已支持超过30次真实灾害响应,涵盖地震、飓风、台风、洪水、野火和龙卷风,成果在影像可用后数小时至数天内交付人道主义伙伴。最后,我们展望未来方向,包括视觉-语言评估、主动学习以及道路等基础设施损毁建模。HASTE开源地址:https://github.com/microsoft/haste。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

When a large disaster strikes, responders need a map of which buildings are damaged within hours. The models that do well on public benchmarks assume matched before-and-after imagery and a training set drawn from similar past events, and neither is usually available for a new disaster in its first day. We present HASTE (High-speed Assessment and Satellite Tracking for Emergencies), a no-code web platform that lets analysts who are not machine learning engineers produce per-building damage maps from post-disaster satellite imagery. HASTE implements two methods that share one interface. The first requires the user to label polygons over the post-disaster scene, trains a small semantic segmentation model on that single scene, runs it over the whole image, and joins the per-pixel output to existing building footprints. The second embeds every footprint with a pretrained vision model, requires the user to label a handful of buildings, and fits a logistic regression in the browser that scores the rest of the scene in seconds. We describe the platform, both methods, and the engineering that supports them. We also report preliminary experiments on xBD showing that foundation-model embeddings pooled over footprints separate damaged from intact buildings using post-disaster imagery alone, matching a fully supervised ResNet-50 baseline with a twentieth of its labels. HASTE and its predecessors have supported more than thirty real-world disaster responses since 2023, spanning earthquakes, hurricanes, cyclones, floods, wildfires, and tornadoes, delivering results to humanitarian partners within hours to days of imagery becoming available. We close with the directions we think are most promising, including vision-language assessment, active learning, and damage models for roads and other infrastructure. HASTE is open source at https://github.com/microsoft/haste.

灾后评估卫星影像无代码

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