arXiv:2607.11958cs.LGq-bio.NC2026-07

研究预测系统如何被虚构环境取代真实世界,发现其认知会反复倒退。

Constructed Reality, Contested Priors: Decoupling and the Architecture of Cognitive Relapse Under the Free Energy Principle

论文配图:Constructed Reality, Contested Priors: Decoupling and the Architecture of Cognitive Relapse Under the Free Energy Principle
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用变分自编码器模拟大脑预测机制,控制内容切换比例
  • 学习能力保持稳定(准确率0.97-0.998),但默认输出随比例变化
  • 中间阶段出现认知倒退,揭示系统对现实的固有抵抗

根据自由能原理,预测系统不直接感知现实,而是依赖对世界的生成模型并体验其最优假设。能否构建一个足够一致的合成环境,使预测系统的推理机制将其作为默认假设,永久取代最初塑造它的环境?我们称此状态为本体论反转。由于在神经系统的实际中诱导和监测这一转变既不伦理也难以实现,我们通过一个受控代理来研究其计算本质:一个卷积变分自编码器与循环隐变量预测器结合,其证据下界目标函数在数学上与变分自由能仅符号相反。网络先在基线视觉域训练,再在混合流中训练,其中扫掠重放比率r控制基线内容在向目标域过渡期间的持续程度。分别追踪表示能力(隐空间可区分性)与默认行为(系统在无约束时生成的内容)。在90次完整运行中,两者显著分离:表示精度始终保持高位(0.97至0.998),不受r影响;而默认行为则几乎完全由r决定,表现出巨大波动。更显著的是,在中间r值时,系统默认输出先趋近目标域,随后在训练不变的情况下部分回退至基线,形成一种结构性失效,我们称之为认知倒退。对现实采纳的抵抗无法归因于学习速度;它是具有独立失效模式的结构性属性,此处以计算存在性证明形式确立,不再多言。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Under the free energy principle, a predictive system does not observe reality directly; it maintains a generative model of the world and experiences that model's best current hypothesis. Can a synthetic environment be made consistent enough that a predictive system's own inference machinery adopts it as this default hypothesis, permanently displacing the environment that first shaped it? We call this state ontological inversion. Because inducing and monitoring such a transition in a nervous system is neither ethical nor technically feasible, we study the underlying computational problem through a controlled proxy: a convolutional variational autoencoder paired with a recurrent latent predictor, whose evidence lower bound objective is mathematically identical, up to sign, to variational free energy itself. The network is trained first on a baseline visual domain, then on a mixed stream in which a swept rehearsal ratio r controls how much baseline content persists during transition to a target domain. Representational capacity, what the latent space can discriminate, is tracked separately from default behavior, what the system generates when left unconstrained. Across a full sweep of 90 runs, the two diverge sharply: representational accuracy stays near ceiling, 0.97 to 0.998, regardless of r, while default behavior spans nearly the system's entire range depending on r alone, a decoupling of learning from acceptance. More strikingly, at intermediate r the system's default output rises toward the target domain, then partially reverts toward the baseline while training continues unchanged, a structural failure we term cognitive relapse. Resistance to reality-adoption is not reducible to learning speed; it is a structural property with its own distinct failure modes, established here as a computational existence proof and nothing further.

认知建模自由能原理深度学习系统行为

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