用智能代理层层探索代码图,精准定位漏洞触发点。
AutoTrace: From Patches to Triggers via Agentic Interprocedural Exploration

- 通过智能代理与确定性验证门控,逐层探索代码属性图
- 在InterPVD上达75.0%漏洞命中率,超越现有方法
- 构建了1542个可信的因果链数据集,揭示大模型推理短板
给定一个修复漏洞的提交,触发点定位需确定哪条语句将脆弱程序状态转化为具体不安全操作。此问题比二元漏洞检测更难,因需跨过程、因果推理:在大量真实CVE中,触发语句位于修补函数外数层调用栈,超出静态规则和模式匹配语言模型的能力范围。我们提出AutoTrace,一种基于智能体的流水线,通过逐层探索代码属性图来定位触发点,由大模型智能体决定下一步探索方向,由确定性可接受性门控决定证据标准。智能体不自行认定触发点,所有报告均基于图中显式证据,覆盖跨过程与过程内漏洞,避免依赖无依据的模型判断。在完整InterPVD基准上,AutoTrace达到75.0% VulnHit和80.8% FuncHit,超越先前最优。在此基础上,我们构建SinkTrace-Bench,将每个漏洞表示为从攻击者可控输入经传播至危险操作的源到宿(S2S)因果链,来自匹配的脆弱与修复程序状态。该数据集包含1,542个经验证器确认、完全平衡的脆弱/安全样本,标签保真度经专家标注审计。对前沿大模型进行基准测试,发现即使最强模型也难以区分匹配对,暴露了其在因果推理上的差距。项目代码见https://github.com/Erroristotle/AutoTrace。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Given a vulnerability-fixing commit, trigger localization asks which specific statement turns the vulnerable program state into a concrete unsafe operation. This question is harder than binary vulnerability detection because the answer demands interprocedural, causal reasoning: in a substantial fraction of real-world CVEs the triggering statement lies several call layers outside the patched function, beyond the reach of static rule sets and pattern-matching language models alike. We present AutoTrace, an agentic pipeline that localizes vulnerability triggers by exploring a code property graph layer by layer, with LLM agents deciding where to look next and deterministic admissibility gates deciding what evidence is required before a trigger can be reported. Agents never accept a trigger on their own authority; every reported trigger is backed by explicit evidence drawn from the graph, so the pipeline covers both intra- and interprocedural vulnerabilities without relying on ungrounded model judgment. On the full InterPVD benchmark, AutoTrace reaches 75.0% VulnHit and 80.8% FuncHit, surpassing the prior state of the art on the same corpus. Building on the same machinery, we construct SinkTrace-Bench, a dataset that exposes each vulnerability as a source-to-sink (S2S) causal chain from attacker-controlled input through propagation to the dangerous operation, drawn from matched vulnerable and patched program states. It comprises 1,542 verifier-confirmed, perfectly balanced vulnerable/safe samples whose label fidelity we audit against expert annotations. Benchmarking frontier LLMs on it, we find that even the strongest struggle to separate the matched pairs, exposing the causal-reasoning gap that trigger localization targets. Artifact available at https://github.com/Erroristotle/AutoTrace.
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