可穿戴超声新平台，支持深部组织成像且功耗极低。
WULPUS PRO: Multi-mode Ultra-Low-Power Wearable Ultrasound and Array Imaging with CMUT Support
- 集成16通道时分复用与CMUT阵列，支持B模式成像
- 功耗仅40mW（50Hz）至60mW（300Hz），续航1-2天
- 兼容柔性贴肤阵列，适用于肌肉/心血管等连续监测
可穿戴超声技术可实现肌肉动力学、膀胱容量和心血管活动的持续监测。现有全可穿戴超低功耗平台仅支持浅层、低通道A模式传感，而多模态系统则因体积大、功耗高难以真正可穿戴。本文提出WULPUS PRO，一款尺寸为39×21×6 mm、重5 g的可编程可穿戴超声采集平台。其集成30 V激励、16路时分复用通道、低噪声接收前端（最高70 dB增益，9.9 MHz带宽，时间增益补偿，32 dB信噪比）。支持深部组织回波采集：在射频采样模式下达2.2 MHz，包络检测模式下达8 MHz。在16通道超低功耗可穿戴系统中，实现亚毫米轴向分辨率与毫米级横向分辨率，体模实验验证。工作于50 Hz PRF时功耗40 mW，300 Hz PRF时低于60 mW。平台支持压电与电容式微机械超声换能器（CMUT），可集成柔性聚合物基皮肤贴合型CMUT阵列。作为主机无关采集前端，提供标准数据与电源接口，支持蓝牙与Wi-Fi无线传输。外接蓝牙与Wi-Fi模块，使用300 mAh、6.4 g锂电池，在50 Hz PRF下可运行1-2天，300 Hz PRF下无线流媒体超过3小时。WULPUS PRO建立了一类全可编程、支持B模式、超低功耗的可穿戴超声新范式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Wearable ultrasound enables continuous monitoring of physiological processes such as muscle dynamics, bladder volume, and cardiovascular activity. Existing fully wearable ultra-low-power platforms are limited to shallow, low-channel A-mode sensing, while larger multi-mode systems are too bulky and power-hungry for true wearability. We present WULPUS PRO, a runtime-programmable wearable ultrasound acquisition platform measuring $39\times21\times6 \mathrm{mm}$ and weighing $5 \mathrm{g}$. It integrates $30 \mathrm{V}$ excitation, 16 time-multiplexed channels, a low-noise receive front-end with up to $70 \mathrm{dB}$ gain, $9.9 \mathrm{MHz}$ bandwidth, time-gain compensation, and $32 \mathrm{dB}$ SNR. The platform supports deep-tissue echo acquisition up to $2.2 \mathrm{MHz}$ in RF-sampling mode and $8 \mathrm{MHz}$ in envelope-detection mode. We demonstrate B-mode imaging in a 16-channel ultra-low-power wearable with sub-millimeter axial and millimeter-scale lateral resolution in phantom experiments, while consuming $40 \mathrm{mW}$ at $50 \mathrm{Hz}$ PRF and under $60 \mathrm{mW}$ at $300 \mathrm{Hz}$ PRF. WULPUS PRO supports both piezoelectric and capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers, enabling integration with skin-conformal polymer-based CMUT arrays. As a host-agnostic acquisition front-end, it exposes standard data and power interfaces for BLE- and Wi-Fi-based wearable hosts. We demonstrate wireless transmission with external BLE and Wi-Fi modules and project 1-2 days of BLE operation at $50 \mathrm{Hz}$ PRF and over 3 h of Wi-Fi streaming at $300 \mathrm{Hz}$ PRF using a $300 \mathrm{mAh}$, $6.4 \mathrm{g}$ Li-Po cell. WULPUS PRO establishes a new class of fully programmable, B-mode-enabled, ultra-low-power wearable ultrasound platforms.
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