arXiv:2607.12704cs.CVcs.LG2026-07

针对多标签遥感图像分类,提出解耦风格增强方法提升域泛化能力。

Label-Decoupled Style Augmentation for Domain Generalization in Multi-Label Remote Sensing Scene Classification

论文配图:Label-Decoupled Style Augmentation for Domain Generalization in Multi-Label Remote Sensing Scene Classification
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 按标签分别处理风格扰动,避免标签间干扰
  • 在六类共享标签上平均达到71.5% mAP,优于基线5.0点
  • 轻量级改进,不增加推理开销,适合多标签场景

多标签分类为每幅航拍图像分配多个共现标签,但部署模型常面临与训练数据分布不同的情况。现有基于特征统计的增强方法如MixStyle、EFDMix和相关风格不确定性虽能低成本提升泛化性,但全局扰动通道统计,将每张图像视为单一风格,导致标签间污染。多标签遥感领域的域泛化研究尚未充分展开,尚无专门方法或跨源基准。为此,本文提出标签解耦增强框架,将风格扰动限制在标签特定区域。通过可学习模块或梯度类激活图获得每个标签的注意力图,生成对应特征统计;再与共享该标签的跨域样本进行独立系数混合,并通过注意力加权归一化重构特征。结合三种算子与两种注意力来源,共构建六种变体,在多标签UCM、AID与DFC15的留一域外基准上评估,覆盖六类共享标签。三次随机划分与五次种子测试下,最优变体达71.5%平均mAP,较经验风险最小化提升5.0点,较最强全局统计基线提升1.3点,最困难迁移任务提升达7.7点。消融实验表明空间注意力与更新定位图影响最大。该框架参数增量不超过0.35%,推理不变,可作为多标签统计型域泛化的通用轻量升级路径。代码将在录用后公开于https://github.com/Alaa-Almouradi/Style-Augmentation-Upgrade。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Multi-label classification assigns several co-occurring labels to each aerial scene, yet deployed models often encounter data distributions different from their training. Feature-statistics augmentation such as MixStyle, EFDMix, and correlated style uncertainty improves generalization at low cost but perturbs channel statistics globally, treating each image as a single style; one class can then contaminate the augmentation of another. Domain generalization is understudied for multi-label remote sensing; no prior method or multi-source benchmark targets it. A label-decoupled augmentation framework is therefore proposed, confining style perturbation to label-specific regions. Per-label attention, obtained from a learnable module or from gradient class-activation maps, yields per-label feature statistics; these statistics are mixed with cross-domain samples that share present labels, under independent per-label coefficients, and features are recomposed by attention-weighted normalization. Three operators combined with two attention sources produce six variants, evaluated on a leave-one-domain-out benchmark from multi-label UCM, AID, and DFC15 over six shared labels. Averaged over three splits and five seeds, the best variant attains 71.5% mean average precision, exceeding empirical risk minimization by 5.0 points and the strongest global-statistics baseline by 1.3 points, with the largest gain on the hardest transfer (up to 7.7 points). Ablations indicate that spatial attention and refreshed localization maps are most influential. The framework adds at most 0.35% parameters, leaves inference unchanged, and appears to offer a generic, inexpensive upgrade path for multi-label statistics-based domain generalization. Code is available upon acceptance at https://github.com/Alaa-Almouradi/Style-Augmentation-Upgrade.

多标签分类域泛化遥感图像风格增强

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