arXiv:2607.13405cs.RO2026-07

针对高速驾驶时激光雷达与惯性传感器融合的抖动干扰问题,提出新型噪声模型提升定位精度。

WNOJ-LIO: A White-Noise-on-Jerk Motion-Prior EKF for High-Dynamic LiDAR-IMU Fusion

论文配图:WNOJ-LIO: A White-Noise-on-Jerk Motion-Prior EKF for High-Dynamic LiDAR-IMU Fusion
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 采用冲量白噪声先验解耦状态预测,避免惯性噪声传播
  • 实测最高208km/h下定位误差显著降低,扫描去畸变更精准
  • 适合高动态自动驾驶场景,尤其对振动剧烈的车辆系统有优势

激光雷达-惯性里程计(LIO)是自动驾驶的关键组件,但在高速行驶时面临扫描内运动失真和振动污染的惯性测量两大挑战。现有实时算法通过积分原始IMU数据传播状态,导致惯性噪声同时影响校正后的点云和后续的点到面匹配。本文提出WNOJ-LIO,基于冲量白噪声(WNOJ)扩展卡尔曼滤波的激光雷达-惯性融合框架。该方法在ℝ³×SO(3)上采用解耦的WNOJ先验进行状态预测,将IMU视为高频观测而非状态传播驱动源。后验状态历史用于激光扫描去畸变及后续点到平面的激光更新。解耦过程模型支持闭式协方差传播,连接了批量WNOJ高斯过程轨迹先验与递归滤波。仿真结果表明,在加速度与角速度去噪、扫描去畸变及定位精度方面优于FAST-LIO基线。真实世界实验使用自动驾驶赛车在四段驾驶路径上完成测试,最高速度达53至208 km/h,覆盖广泛振动水平,验证了方法在高动态条件下的加速、角速度、机体线速度、姿态与位置估计性能。代码已开源:https://github.com/LvJohny/wnoj-ekf-lio.git。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

LiDAR-inertial odometry (LIO) is a key component of autonomous navigation, but high-dynamic driving exposes two coupled challenges: intra-scan motion distortion and vibration-contaminated inertial measurements. Most real-time LiDAR-inertial pipelines propagate the system state by integrating raw IMU measurements and then use the propagated trajectory for point cloud de-distortion, thereby propagating inertial noise into both the corrected scan and the subsequent scan-to-map registration. This paper presents WNOJ-LIO, a LiDAR-IMU fusion framework based on a White-Noise-on-Jerk (WNOJ) Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). WNOJ-LIO employs a decoupled WNOJ prior on $\R^3 \times \SO(3)$ for state prediction and treats the IMU as a high-frequency measurement source rather than the driver of state propagation. The resulting posterior state history is then used for LiDAR scan de-distortion and subsequent point-to-plane LiDAR updates. The decoupled process model enables closed-form covariance propagation, thereby bridging the gap between batch WNOJ Gaussian process (GP) trajectory priors and recursive filtering. Simulation results demonstrate improvements in acceleration and angular-velocity denoising, scan de-distortion, and localization accuracy over a FAST-LIO-style baseline. Real-world experiments were conducted using an autonomous racing car on four driving segments with maximum speeds ranging from 53 to 208~km/h, covering a wide range of vehicle vibration levels. The experiments further validate the proposed method and provide a comprehensive evaluation of its performance in estimating acceleration, angular velocity, body-frame linear velocity, attitude, and position under highly dynamic driving. The source code of WNOJ-LIO is publicly available at https://github.com/LvJohny/wnoj-ekf-lio.git.

激光雷达惯性导航高动态滤波

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