arXiv:2607.14096cs.AI2026-07

提出可识别变量与交互作用的解释方法,让黑箱模型决策更透明。

IMEX Interaction-Based Model Explanation

  • 基于静态与交互相关性度量,识别影响预测的关键变量和高阶交互。
  • 在含非线性、条件依赖和多重共线性的合成数据上准确恢复特征结构。
  • 适合需要理解复杂模型决策机制的研究者与应用开发者。

在预测建模中,解释模型为何产生特定预测结果的重要性日益凸显。黑箱模型缺乏对内部决策机制的透明描述,即使预测准确也难以解释与验证。在关键场景下,仅靠预测精度不足以作为充分验证指标。本文提出的IMEX(基于交互的模型解释)方法,旨在识别对目标预测贡献最大的变量及其显著的变量间交互作用,且不限制高阶交互分析,可研究超过两个特征的子集。除特征重要性外,IMEX还能探索可能反映潜在影响机制的交互模式。通过构建解释图谱,该框架基于两个互补度量:静态相关性幂(PCS)量化单个特征贡献,交互相关性幂(PCI)捕捉特征间的非加性效应。实验中,将PCS与INVASE[18]在三个已知结构的合成数据集上对比,结果显示,IMEX能在非线性、条件依赖及多重共线性关系下有效恢复相关特征结构。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In predictive modeling, the ability to explain why a model produces a given target prediction has become increasingly important [5, 10]. Black-box models do not provide a transparent description of the internal mechanisms that generate the prediction, making even accurate predictions difficult to interpret and validate. In critical contexts, predictive accuracy alone is not a sufficient validation metric if the reasons underlying model decisions remain unexplained. The IMEX (Interaction-Based Model Explanation) approach represents a methodological direction within explainable predictive modeling. IMEX is designed to identify which variables contribute most to the target prediction and which interactions among variables are significant in determining the target. The method does not impose limitations on higher-order interaction analysis, allowing the investigation of feature subsets with cardinality greater than two. Beyond the identification of feature importance, IMEX enables the exploration of interaction patterns that may be consistent with latent mechanisms influencing the outcome. Through the application of the IMEX algorithm, it is possible to construct an interpretability map of the predictions. The IMEX framework is built on two complementary metrics: Static Correlation Power (PCS), which quantifies the contribution of individual features, and Interaction Correlation Power (PCI), which captures non-additive effects among features. In the present work, the PCS component is experimentally validated through a comparison with INVASE [18] on three synthetic datasets with known structures. The results indicate that IMEX can recover relevant feature-level structures in the presence of non-linear, conditional, and multicollinear relationships between input features and prediction targets.

模型解释交互分析可解释性

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