跨17国研究揭示，自动驾驶车接受度主要看有用、社交支持和好玩。
Global drivers and barriers to the public acceptance of autonomous vehicles: Evidence from 17 countries
- 用UTAUT2模型分析1.86万份全球问卷，找出行车自动化接受度关键因素。
- 性能预期、社会影响和享乐动机是使用意愿主因，年龄性别影响微弱。
- 适合政策制定者与车企参考，了解不同地区用户真实需求差异。
本研究调查了Society of Automotive Engineers Level 3（L3）条件自动驾驶汽车在17个国家的公众接受度。这类车辆可在特定条件下自主驾驶，但需驾驶员随时准备接管。以往基于统一技术接受与使用理论2（UTAUT2）的研究多集中于欧洲样本，对全球范围的适用性尚不明确。本研究利用L3Pilot全球用户接受度调查数据，从原始18,631名受访者中获得最终分析样本18,603人，覆盖非洲、亚洲、欧洲、北美洲及南美洲。通过基于UTAUT2的结构方程模型，分析性能预期、努力预期、社会影响、促进条件与享乐动机如何影响使用意愿。模型具有强解释力。总体来看，使用意愿主要受性能预期、社会影响和享乐动机驱动；努力预期与促进条件也有贡献，但作用较小。年龄、性别及高级驾驶辅助系统使用经验虽具统计显著性，但预测力较弱。结果表明，公众对L3自动驾驶车的接受度更多取决于其是否被认为有用、被社会认可且使用过程愉悦，而非人口特征或易用性担忧。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This study investigated the public acceptance of Society of Automotive Engineers Level 3 conditionally automated cars, which can self-drive under certain specified conditions but require the human driver to remain ready to resume control when requested. Previous Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2)-based research has focused mainly on European samples, and so it is still unclear whether the same factors shape acceptance across broader world regions. This knowledge gap was addressed using the L3Pilot Global User Acceptance Survey. From an original dataset of 18,631 respondents, the final analytic sample comprised 18,603 respondents from 17 countries across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. The data were analyzed using a UTAUT2-based structural equation model to examine how performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and hedonic motivation shape the intention to use Level 3 cars. The model showed strong explanatory power. Across the analytic sample, the intention to use Level 3 cars was driven mainly by performance expectancy, social influence, and hedonic motivation. Effort expectancy and facilitating conditions also contributed, but they played smaller direct roles. Age, gender, and previous experience with advanced driver assistance systems were statistically significant, but comparatively weak predictors. Overall, the findings suggest that the acceptance of Level 3 automated cars depends less on demographic characteristics or ease-of-use concerns and more on whether people see the technology as useful, socially supported, and enjoyable to use.
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