解决眼球旋转导致的相移轮廓术误差,提升虚拟现实眼动追踪精度。
Rotational Motion-Induced Error Compensation for Phase-Shifting Profilometry-Based Eye Reconstruction

- 基于球坐标系用户专属眼球模型,从图像运动线索估计眼动旋转。
- 补偿帧间旋转引起的像素错位与相位偏移,重建误差降低47%以上。
- 适用于非球形刚体,可推广至多种动态三维重建场景。
随着虚拟现实与增强现实头戴设备的普及,高精度可靠的眼动追踪日益重要。传统二维图像方法系统复杂度低,但稳定性、准确性和鲁棒性受限。三维眼球表面重建可提供更丰富的几何信息,结构光轮廓术因其能实现密集且精确的表面测量而备受关注。然而,相移轮廓术(PSP)通过连续获取条纹图像估计相位,当眼球在帧间发生旋转时极易产生运动误差。本文提出一种面向PSP动态三维眼球重建的旋转运动补偿框架。通过用户特定的3D眼球模型,在球坐标域中利用图像运动线索估计相对眼动旋转,并据此补偿相机像素错位与相位偏移误差。进一步引入区域优化策略,对不同眼球区域独立调节补偿强度以减少残余伪影。在非均匀运动下的仿真人眼实验表明,该方法显著抑制了运动诱发的形变,提升了重建精度。对非球形刚体的附加实验也表明,该补偿原理不局限于球形眼球几何结构。研究成果为未来沉浸式环境中稳定可靠的PSP动态三维眼动追踪提供了实用基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
With the proliferation of immersive Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) for Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR), reliable and high-precision eye tracking has become increasingly important. Conventional 2D image-based methods offer low system complexity but remain limited in stability, accuracy, and robustness. Three-dimensional ocular surface reconstruction can provide richer geomet-ric information, and structured light profilometry is particularly attractive because it enables dense and accurate surface measurement. However, Phase-Shifting Profilometry (PSP), which estimates phase from sequentially acquired fringe images, is highly susceptible to motion-induced errors when the eye rotates between frames. This study proposes a rotational motion compensation framework for PSP-based dynamic 3D eye reconstruction. Relative eye rotation is estimated from image-based motion cues using a user-specific 3D eye model in a spherical-coordinate domain. The estimated motion is then used to compensate for camera-pixel mismatch and phase-shift errors caused by inter-frame rotation. A region-wise optimization strategy is further introduced to reduce residual artifacts by inde-pendently refining the compensation strength in different ocular regions. Experiments with a rotating fake eye under non-uniform motion demonstrate that the proposed method substantially suppresses motion-induced deformation and improves reconstruction accuracy. An additional experiment with a non-spherical rigid object indicates that the compensation principle is not restricted to spherical eye geometry. These results establish a practical basis for stable PSP-based dynamic 3D eye reconstruction toward future high-precision eye tracking in immersive environments.
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