arXiv:2607.15313cs.LG2026-07中稿 · ICML

量子程序生成应优先保证正确性,而非盲目追求规模扩展。

Position: Quantum Program Generation Must Prioritize Validity Over Probabilistic Scaling

论文配图:Position: Quantum Program Generation Must Prioritize Validity Over Probabilistic Scaling
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将量子电路生成从模仿学习转向验证驱动的约束嵌入方法
  • 量子线路有效解集随量子比特数指数级衰减,事后过滤不可行
  • 适合需要高可靠性的量子算法开发人员与验证工具研究者

规模假设认为增加模型参数可催生涌现推理能力。本文指出,将这一概率范式应用于通用量子线路合成是方向性错误。与自然语言不同,量子线路必须严格遵守数学约束,导致显著的语法-语义鸿沟。在未经验证的量子程序上训练,使模型仅学习语法而无法捕捉希尔伯特空间的物理语义。由于有效电路设计的子集随量子比特数呈指数级衰减,事后过滤在数学上不可行。我们主张从以人类为中心的协作者转向以验证为中心的智能体,将层级约束、拓扑掩码和符号代理直接嵌入生成过程。分析表明,单纯扩大规模无法弥合正确性差距。验证感知架构为模块化量子程序生成提供了可行路径。这提示应发展编码任务特定量子信息规则的生成方法,而非依赖模仿学习。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The scaling hypothesis assumes that increasing model parameters yields emergent reasoning capabilities. This position paper argues that applying this probabilistic paradigm to generic quantum circuit synthesis is a directional error. Unlike natural languages, quantum circuits require strict adherence to mathematical constraints that manifest a significant syntax-semantics gap. Training on unverified quantum programs means that models learn syntax but fail to capture the physical semantics of the Hilbert space. Since the valid subset of circuit designs decays exponentially with the number of qubits, post-hoc filtering is mathematically intractable. We propose a pivot from human-centric copilots to verifier-centric agents. We integrate hierarchical constraints, topological masks, and symbolic proxies directly into generation. Our analysis suggests that scale alone cannot bridge the validity gap. Verification-aware architectures offer a viable path for modular quantum program generation. These considerations point toward generation methods that encode task-specific rules of quantum information, rather than relying on imitation alone.

量子计算程序生成验证驱动

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