arXiv:2607.15422cs.RO2026-07

提出可重复的硅胶浇筑与传感器嵌入方法,提升软体机器人量产可靠性。

Robust Silicone Pour Casting and Sensor Embedding Procedures for Soft Robotic Actuators

论文配图:Robust Silicone Pour Casting and Sensor Embedding Procedures for Soft Robotic Actuators
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 采用双组分浇筑工艺,防止内部腔道堵塞并实现气密密封。
  • 24次成功制备,两人操作均表现稳定,弯曲角度模拟与实测一致。
  • 集成柔性传感器,配合图像校准,实现精准形变数据采集。

软体机器人适用于康复与手术等需与环境安全交互的应用,但其可重复、可扩展的制造挑战限制了实际部署。尽管已有多种制造方法,多数仍依赖人工且易出错,因此传统双组分浇筑法仍具吸引力。本文提出一套鲁棒、可重复、可扩展的软性气动执行器制造流程,有效防止内部腔道堵塞并确保气密性。同时,提出一种稳健的薄膜柔性传感器嵌入方法,实现准确可靠的传感数据采集。通过有限元建模(FEM)分析内部压力下的应力与变形。采用PID压力控制进行气动驱动实验,利用自动图像处理校准嵌入式柔性传感器至弯曲角度。阶梯与正弦波形驱动实验验证了执行器性能:阶梯输入下响应可重复,正弦输入显示微小滞后,符合软体材料的粘弹性特征。仿真与实测弯曲角度响应高度一致。该方法经两名操作者完成24次成功制作验证,提供基准仿真与实验测试,推动软体机器人更广泛应用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Soft robots are well-suited for applications such as rehabilitation and surgery that require adaptable and safe interaction with their environment. However, the challenges of reproducible and scalable fabrication of soft robots limit their real-world deployment. Various fabrication methods have been introduced, but many are labor-intensive and prone to human error. Therefore, traditional two-part pour casting remains an attractive option. This paper presents procedures for robust, repeatable, and scalable fabrication of soft pneumatic actuators using two-part pour casting. The presented methods prevent internal cavity clogging and ensure air-tight sealing. Additionally, a robust sensor embedding procedure for thin-film flex sensors is presented, which allows for accurate and repeatable data acquisition. Finite Element Modeling (FEM) of the soft actuator is performed to analyze stress and deformation from internal pressure loadings. Pneumatic actuation experiments with PID pressure control are performed. Automated image processing is used to calibrate the embedded flex sensor to bending angle measurements. Staircase and sinusoidal profile actuation experiments validate the performance of the fabricated actuator. Angle response experiments for the staircase input show repeatable performance, and the sinusoidal input shows a small amount of hysteresis consistent with viscoelastic response to pneumatic actuation of soft actuators. Simulated and real-world bending angles show comparable response. These methods provide a repeatable and robust fabrication procedure, validated across two operators and 24 successful fabrications, along with benchmark simulations and experimental testing. These benchmarks will enable more widespread adoption of soft robotics.

软体机器人硅胶浇筑传感器嵌入可重复制造

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