arXiv:2607.15828cs.ROcs.CV2026-07中稿 · IEEE/RSJ IROS 2026

用结构异常引导机器人探索,提升3D建模精度与覆盖率。

Beyond Frontiers: Scene-Anomaly Guided Autonomous Exploration

论文配图:Beyond Frontiers: Scene-Anomaly Guided Autonomous Exploration
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将探索任务转化为几何异常检测,基于标准室内结构先验
  • 在所有场景中实现约90%的体积覆盖率和更高质量重建
  • 适合需要高精度3D建图的自主导航系统

未知三维环境的自主探索传统上依赖最大化覆盖的几何启发式方法,但这些方法通常忽略结构上下文,导致轨迹效率低下,限制最终三维重建的保真度。为弥合空间覆盖与重建质量之间的差距,我们提出一种新范式:将探索重新定义为几何异常最小化问题。本文提出SCAGE(Scene Anomaly Guided Exploration)框架,直接作用于非结构化三维点云。机器人不盲目追逐体积极限,而是具备对典型室内建筑结构的基本理解。在导航过程中,持续将其实时观测与学习到的先验对比。当输入几何与典型室内结构不符时(如断裂墙体、部分桌椅),系统将其标记为场景异常。这些几何不一致作为引导信号,自然吸引机器人从最优视角调查并解决这些结构异常。通过主动聚焦于重建不佳区域而非仅空旷空间,该方法无缝结合空间发现与高保真映射。大量实验表明,SCAGE在所有场景中实现约90%的体积覆盖率,且优于现有最先进基线的三维重建质量。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Autonomous exploration of unknown 3D environments is traditionally driven by coverage-maximizing geometric heuristics. However, these methods typically determine exploration targets without considering the underlying structural context. This leads to inefficient trajectories often limiting the fidelity of the final 3D reconstruction. To bridge the gap between spatial coverage and reconstruction quality, we introduce a novel paradigm: reframing exploration as a geometric anomaly minimization problem. We present SCAGE: SCene Anomaly Guided Exploration, a novel autonomous exploration framework that operates directly on unstructured 3D point clouds. Instead of blindly chasing volumetric boundaries, we equip the robot with a foundational understanding of standard indoor architecture. As the robot navigates, it continuously evaluates its live 3D observations against these learned expectations. When the incoming geometry contradicts the learned priors of a typical indoor environment, such as a fragmented wall or a partial table, the system flags these regions as scene anomalies. These geometric inconsistencies act as a guiding signal, naturally drawing the robot to investigate and resolve these structural anomalies from optimal vantage points. By actively targeting poorly reconstructed regions rather than just empty space, our approach seamlessly couples spatial discovery with high-fidelity mapping. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that SCAGE achieves superior volumetric coverage (~90% in all scenes) and higher 3D reconstruction quality compared to state-of-the-art baselines.

三维重建自主探索异常检测

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