将视觉模型中的注册标记转为生成用的轻量全局先验。
Test-Time Registers as Global Priors for Tokenized Image Generation

- 通过三层操作提取注册标记的全局结构,不需重新训练。
- 生成质量提升:FID-5k从20.5降至20.1,对齐指标升至3.9。
- 适合希望加速生成且不修改权重的研究者使用。
基于注意力的模型常出现注意力陷阱,即少数标记反复吸引关注并积累异常高激活。在视觉变换器中,这些异常标记与注册标记密切相关,已被诊断出关联于图像的全局低频结构。现有工作多通过可解释性分析和线性探测研究注册标记,但尚未探索其能否作为无需重训练的即插即用信号用于生成。本文在分块图像生成中重新审视此问题。在ImageNet上使用OpenCLIP和DINOv2,发现测试时的注册标记特征比[CLS]输出和补丁均值特征具有更强的低频集中性,并与像素空间DCT低频能量呈现一致(虽较弱)相关性。受此启发,提出RegToken:一种无需训练的方法,通过NFN层定位、TokenRank引导子空间提取,以及注册子空间上的投影与保留更新,将注册结构转化为一组小规模全局先验标记。将其插入冻结的紧凑1D生成管道后,显著提升ImageNet生成质量与对齐指标(如FID-5k从20.5降至20.1,SigLIP从3.6升至3.9),同时加速测试时优化(步骤数@τ从74降至52)。结果表明,常被视为注意力伪影的结构,可被重新利用为分块生成的轻量级全局先验。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Attention-based models often develop attention sinks, where a small number of tokens repeatedly attract attention and accumulate unusually large activations. In vision transformers, these outliers are closely related to registers, which have been diagnostically linked to global, low-frequency image structure. Existing work has largely studied registers through interpretability analyses and linear probes, leaving open whether they can be operationalized as plug-and-play signals for generation without retraining. We revisit this question in tokenized image generation. Using OpenCLIP and DINOv2 on ImageNet, we find that test-time register features exhibit stronger low-frequency concentration than both [CLS] readouts and patch-mean features, and show a consistent (albeit moderate) correlation with pixel-space DCT low-frequency energy. Motivated by these diagnostics, we introduce RegToken, a training-free procedure that converts register structure into a small set of global prior tokens by (i) NFN-based layer localization, (ii) TokenRank-guided subspace extraction, and (iii) a projection-and-conservation update on the register subspace. Inserted into a frozen compact 1D token generation pipeline, RegToken improves ImageNet generation and alignment metrics (e.g., FID-5k 20.5 to 20.1, SigLIP 3.6 to 3.9) without modifying pretrained weights, and accelerates test-time optimization (Steps@$τ$ 74 to 52). Overall, our results suggest that structures often viewed as attention artifacts can be repurposed as lightweight global priors for tokenized generation.
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