arXiv:2607.17018math.OCcs.LG2026-07

用连续参数空间的高斯混合分布模糊集,提升鲁棒优化在不确定性下的可靠性。

Robust Chance-Constrained Optimization using a Continuous Parameter Space Wasserstein-2 Ambiguity Set of Gaussian Mixtures

论文配图:Robust Chance-Constrained Optimization using a Continuous Parameter Space Wasserstein-2 Ambiguity Set of Gaussian Mixtures
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于布雷斯-瓦瑟斯坦度量构建连续支持的模糊集,允许自适应确定成分数量与参数。
  • 提出自适应切面算法,在有限步内逼近最优解,保证任意精度。
  • 适用于对结构误差敏感的场景,如电动汽车充电站能源分配,优于传统方法。

研究了以高斯混合模型(GMM)表示不确定性的分布鲁棒线性机会约束问题。现有有限支持分布鲁棒(FDR)方法仅对拟合的样本支撑点进行压力测试,难以应对名义混合分布参数结构误设带来的风险。为此,本文提出一种基于Wasserstein-2度量的新模糊集构造方式,利用具有有限二阶矩的概率测度上的布雷斯-瓦瑟斯坦(BW)度量。不同于FDR预先设定有限个经验支撑点,该模糊集允许最坏情况分布内生地决定混合成分数量、均值和协方差的位置,且支持为连续空间。在弱正则性条件下,证明了内层最坏情况机会约束问题的强对偶性,并推导出其半无限重构形式。进一步设计了一种自适应切面算法,内生确定受质量影响的成分位置及对应高斯分布的均值与协方差。该算法可在有限步内达到指定最优性间隙;同时采用块交替局部搜索识别新成分。基于电动汽车充电站能源分配的案例研究验证了该框架在实现任意可靠性目标方面的实际价值。相较于FDR,CDR诱导出结构性的能源分配变化,而后者分配方案仍紧邻名义解。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We study distributionally robust linear chance-constrained problems in which uncertainty is modeled by a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Finite-support distributionally robust (FDR) formulations, widely used in data-driven robust optimization, robustify over empirical mixture support points and therefore primarily stress-test the fitted nominal mixture. This can be insufficient when service reliability depends on structural misspecification of the nominal mixture-support parameters. To address this limitation, we describe the ambiguity set of distributions by developing a novel formulation of a Wasserstein-2 metric that uses the Bures-Wasserstein (BW) metric over probability measures with finite second moments. Unlike FDR, which generally sets finitely many empirical support points a priori, the proposed ambiguity set allows the worst-case distribution to endogenously determine both how many mixture components receive mass and where their means and covariances lie within a continuous support. For the resulting ambiguity set, under mild regularity conditions, we prove strong duality for the inner worst-case chance-constraint problem and derive its semi-infinite reformulation. We then develop an adaptive cutting-surface algorithm, which endogenously determines the locations of mixture components receiving mass, and the mean and covariances of the Gaussian distributions at these locations. The algorithm attains any prescribed optimality gap in finitely many iterations, while a block-alternating local search identifies new components. A case study using the electric-vehicle charging-station energy-allocation problem demonstrates the framework's practical value in achieving any reliability targets. CDR also induces structural changes in energy allocations, unlike FDR, whose allocations remain close to the nominal solution.

鲁棒优化分布鲁棒高斯混合机会约束

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