arXiv:2607.17390stat.MLcs.LG2026-07

用张量分解和哈达玛过参数化,实现无需训练数据的高维数据补全。

Kernel Regression with Tensor Trains and Hadamard Overparameterization

  • 将补全问题转化为再生核希尔伯特空间中的回归,约束系数在低秩张量列车流形上。
  • 在真实脑成像和动态图数据上,精度显著优于现有张量、贝叶斯与神经网络方法。
  • 自动选择核超参数,无需交叉验证,适合高维结构化数据补全场景。

提出一种无需训练数据、可解释且非参数化的多路数据补全框架KReTTaH。该方法将补全问题重述为再生核希尔伯特空间(RKHS)中的回归,其中张量回归系数被显式约束在固定秩张量列车(TT)流形上,并通过哈达玛过参数化促进稀疏性与高效表征。不依赖昂贵的交叉验证,KReTTaH在黎曼积流形框架下联合优化TT系数张量与核协方差矩阵——前者位于固定秩TT流形,后者位于正定矩阵流形——从而实现自动核超参数选择。在两个挑战性任务上的数值实验表明:针对高维功能磁共振成像(fMRI)数据补全和动态图中缺失边流量恢复,KReTTaH在建模精度上持续优于当前最优的张量、贝叶斯及神经网络基线方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Kernel regression with tensor trains and Hadamard overparameterization (KReTTaH) is introduced as a training-data-free, interpretable, and nonparametric framework for multi-way data imputation. The imputation problem is reformulated as regression in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS), where the tensor regression coefficients are explicitly constrained to lie on fixed-rank tensor-train (TT) manifolds and structured via Hadamard overparameterization to promote sparsity and high representational efficiency. Rather than relying on costly cross-validation, KReTTaH jointly optimizes the TT coefficient tensors and the kernel covariance matrices within a Riemannian product-manifold framework -- the former on fixed-rank TT manifolds, the latter on the manifold of positive-definite matrices -- thereby enabling automated kernel-hyperparameter selection. Numerical tests on two challenging applications -- imputation of high-dimensional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and recovery of missing edge flows in dynamic graphs -- demonstrate that KReTTaH consistently outperforms state-of-the-art tensor-, Bayesian-, and neural-network-based baselines in terms of modeling accuracy.

数据补全张量列车核回归可解释性

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