arXiv:2607.17454cs.RO2026-07被引 2

通过几何一致性筛选,让机器人模型在推理时智能决定是否多算一步。

Test-Time Scaling for World Action Models via Zero-Shot Geometric Evaluation

论文配图:Test-Time Scaling for World Action Models via Zero-Shot Geometric Evaluation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用跨视角深度重投影一致性评估预测未来,选择最优动作序列。
  • 固定预算下提升任务成功率,如RoboCasa平均从66.3%升至68.4%。
  • 仅在初始预测不一致时才触发额外计算,节省73.8%的推理开销。

测试时扩展通过增加计算量提升基础模型推理效果,但机器人控制需在执行前判断额外计算是否值得。世界动作模型(WAMs)使这一决策自然:每次滚动预测同时提供动作片段和未来观测。我们提出 extit{methodgated},一种无需训练的、针对WAMs的可选测试时扩展框架。首先构建 extit{method},一个固定预算的Best-of-$N$选择器,通过冻结的几何基础模型计算预测未来的跨视图深度重投影一致性对采样轨迹排序。 extit{methodgated}引入轻量级动作-未来一致性门控机制,在初始滚动预测内部不一致时才激活 extit{method}。在RoboCasa、LIBERO Long和RoboTwin~2.0五个基准-主干设置上,固定预算的 extit{method}在所有场景中均提升$N=8$时的任务成功率,例如使用Cosmos Policy将RoboCasa组平均成功率从66.3%提升至68.4%,使用X-WAM从80.8%提升至82.5%。启用门控后, extit{methodgated}平均恢复74.8%的持续开启收益,但仅在26.2%的决策点触发额外采样。离线诊断表明,跨视图重投影是一类强任务标签无关的选择器,且识别出低分误选为性能饱和或下降的原因之一。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Test-time scaling improves foundation-model inference by spending additional computation, but robot control requires deciding whether extra compute is useful before executing an action. World Action Models (WAMs) make this decision natural: each rollout exposes both an action chunk and predicted future observations. We propose \methodgated, a training-free selective test-time scaling framework for WAMs. We first instantiate \method, a fixed-budget Best-of-$N$ selector that ranks sampled rollouts by cross-view depth reprojection consistency of their predicted futures, computed with a frozen geometry foundation model. \methodgated\ adds a lightweight action--future consistency gate that invokes \method\ only when the initial rollout appears internally inconsistent. Across five benchmark--backbone settings on RoboCasa, LIBERO Long, and RoboTwin~2.0, fixed-budget \method\ improves $N{=}8$ task success in every setting, e.g., raising the RoboCasa group average from $66.3\%$ to $68.4\%$ with Cosmos Policy and from $80.8\%$ to $82.5\%$ with X-WAM. With gating enabled, \methodgated\ recovers on average $74.8\%$ of the always-on success gain while triggering additional sampling on only $26.2\%$ of decision points. Offline diagnostics show that cross-view reprojection is a strong task-label-free selector, and we identify false low-score selections as a failure mode that helps explain why performance can saturate or degrade as $N$ increases.

机器人控制测试时扩展几何一致性动作模型

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