arXiv:2607.18034cs.AI2026-07

用本地小模型实现更智能、更私密的家居助手,还能持续学习用户偏好。

AdaHome: An Adaptive Smart Home Assistant using Local Small Language Models

论文配图:AdaHome: An Adaptive Smart Home Assistant using Local Small Language Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 根据指令复杂度动态选择推理路径,提升响应效率。
  • 直接指令准确率达86.7%,延迟降低至原有1/3,多轮对话偏好一致性达88%。
  • 无需重训模型即可长期学习用户偏好,适合资源受限设备。

智能家居助手需理解从明确设备控制到模糊偏好型请求的各类指令。现有基于大语言模型(LLM)的系统虽能力较强,但依赖重型推理流程和云端部署,影响效率与隐私,且难实现稳定长期个性化。为此,我们提出AdaHome——一种面向本地部署小语言模型的自适应家居助手。其采用意图感知规划框架,动态将指令分流至简单提示或轻量推理模块。对需解析的指令,引入Chain-of-Draft策略实现高效稳定决策。为支持个性化,提出偏好自适应机制,可随时间学习用户反馈,无需提示增强或模型重训。在统一小模型设置下评估,AdaHome在直接指令上准确率达86.7%,延迟降低最高达3倍;在模糊输入上保持竞争力,计算开销更低。多轮场景中,偏好一致性达88%,远超提示增强基线的52.5%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Smart home assistants interpret a wide range of user commands, from explicit device control to underspecified and preference dependent requests. While recent systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs) improve this capability, they often rely on heavyweight reasoning pipelines and cloud-based deployment, limiting their efficiency and suitability for resource-constrained environments, and raising privacy concerns. In addition, existing approaches provide limited support for stable long-term personalization. To address these issues, we present AdaHome, an adaptive smart home assistant designed for locally deployed small language models in smart home environments. Rather than applying complex reasoning uniformly, AdaHome introduces an intent-aware planning framework that dynamically routes commands either to straightforward prompt-based or lightweight reasoning-based components. For commands requiring interpretation, we adopt a Chain-of-Draft strategy to enable efficient and stable decision-making. To support personalization, we further propose a preference adaptation mechanism that learns from user feedback over time without requiring prompt augmentation or model retraining. We evaluate AdaHome against representative LLM-based baselines under a unified small model setting. AdaHome achieves substantially higher accuracy on direct commands (86.7%) while reducing latency by up to 3$\times$. Furthermore, it maintains competitive performance on ambiguous inputs with lower computational cost. In multi-turn scenarios, AdaHome achieves 88% preference consistency, compared to 52.5% for a prompt augmentation baseline.

智能助手小模型本地部署个性化

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