arXiv:2607.18284cs.LGcs.AI2026-07

融合神经元重要性与数据感知的低秩压缩,提升大模型压缩效率。

Compressing What Matters: Neuron Importance Meets Data-Aware Low Rank Approximation for Language Model Compression

论文配图:Compressing What Matters: Neuron Importance Meets Data-Aware Low Rank Approximation for Language Model Compression
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 结合神经元重要性与数据感知设计低秩近似方法
  • 在高压缩率下性能优于现有最优方法
  • 提出高效动态分配压缩率算法,适合资源受限场景

大型语言模型虽具备强大能力,但其数十亿参数带来巨大内存开销,限制了在资源受限环境中的应用。针对神经网络压缩问题,奇异值分解(SVD)作为矩阵压缩的核心技术被广泛应用。以往研究多从参数重要性或逐层功能等价性角度优化低秩近似,但均孤立进行。本文首次将二者统一于同一目标中,实现协同优化。同时,压缩率在各层间的分布对压缩质量影响显著,此前方法通常采用均匀分配或依赖昂贵启发式搜索。本文提出一种计算高效的动态压缩率分配算法。实验表明,所提方法在高压缩率下性能达到或超越现有最先进水平,验证了其有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

To excel at their domain large language models are comprised of billions of parameters. Yet this comes at the cost of huge memory requirements restricting their applicability in resource-constrained environments. To address the problem of neural network (NN) compression Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) has played a key role as a fundamental component for matrix compression through decomposition. To minimize compression error and to maximize the efficacy of the compressed model on the downstream tasks previous works focused on low-rank approximation of the NN's weight matrices either from the perspective of parameter importance or per-layer functional equivalence. While previous works studied the aforementioned perspectives in isolation in this work we are investigating the effectiveness of an approach that combines ideas from these two perspectives in a single objective. In parallel to this an important aspect that affects the compression quality is the distribution of the compression rate across layers and NN parameters. Earlier works mostly considered distributing the compression rate uniformly across layers and network weights or relied on computationally expensive heuristic search. Contrary to them in this work we propose an enhanced and computationally efficient algorithm for dynamic compression rate allocation. Experimental results support the efficacy of the proposed approach which performs on par or substantially better than the previous state-of-the-art especially under high compression ratios.

模型压缩低秩近似SVD动态分配

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