arXiv:2607.19083cs.LGq-bio.BM2026-07

一个配置驱动框架,让3D科学任务中的等变图神经网络轻松切换

GEqTrain: A Configuration-Driven Framework for Retargeting Equivariant Graph Neural Networks Across 3D Scientific Tasks

论文配图:GEqTrain: A Configuration-Driven Framework for Retargeting Equivariant Graph Neural Networks Across 3D Scientific Tasks
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过配置文件解耦数据、模型与训练目标,实现跨任务复用
  • 在三个不同任务中达到可比性能,仅需修改配置即可迁移
  • 支持生成式建模,能联合生成原子位置和张量场,精度高

等变图神经网络为三维科学数据建模提供了强大工具,但其复用常受限于特定任务、输出和训练方式的绑定。我们提出 GEqTrain,一个配置驱动的框架,将数据语义、模型结构和训练目标分离。原始数据被映射为节点、边和图级别的带类型字段,模型堆栈、损失函数和训练流程通过 Hydra 配置声明式组装。因此,共享的等变主干和训练基础设施可通过配置变更被重新定位到新任务。我们在同一软件栈下演示了三种不同问题:生物分子系统的粗粒度到原子级回溯、分子固体中 NMR 化学位移预测、以及等变生成建模。目标并非超越专门优化的系统,而是展示共享表示与训练基础设施可在少量配置调整下,在性质迥异的任务上实现竞争性精度。我们进一步引入 GEqDiff,基于等变流匹配的生成扩展。它将用户定义的等变字段作为第一类生成目标,单一等变流中联合传输笛卡尔坐标与高达 l=3 的非标量节点场。在受控合成基准(受蛋白质二级结构基序启发)上验证,具有不同变换特性的场可被联合重建且保真度高。通过降低在预测与生成、标量与张量设置间切换的软件开销,GEqTrain 旨在使等变建模更具可复现性、可扩展性和可重用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Equivariant graph neural networks provide a powerful modeling language for three-dimensional scientific data, but their reuse is often limited by implementations tied to specific tasks, outputs, and training regimes. We present GEqTrain, a configuration-driven framework that separates dataset semantics, model composition, and training objectives. Raw data are mapped to typed node-, edge-, and graph-level fields, while model stacks, losses, and training workflows are assembled declaratively through Hydra configurations. A shared equivariant backbone and training infrastructure can therefore be retargeted to a new task primarily through configuration. We demonstrate this flexibility on three different problems handled within one software stack: coarse-grained-to-atomistic backmapping of biomolecular systems, prediction of NMR chemical shifts in molecular solids, and equivariant generative modeling. Our aim is not to surpass individually optimized task-specific systems, but to show that a shared representation and training infrastructure can achieve competitive accuracy across qualitatively different tasks at the cost of a configuration change. We further introduce GEqDiff, a generative extension based on equivariant flow matching. GEqDiff treats user-defined equivariant fields as first-class generation targets, jointly transporting Cartesian positions and non-scalar node fields spanning representations up to l=3 within a single equivariant flow. We validate this capability on a controlled synthetic benchmark inspired by protein secondary-structure motifs, showing that fields with heterogeneous transformation properties can be reconstructed jointly and with high fidelity. By reducing the software overhead of moving between predictive and generative, scalar and tensorial settings, GEqTrain aims to make equivariant modeling more reproducible, extensible, and reusable.

等变模型图神经网络生成建模3D科学

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