arXiv:2607.19357cs.AIcs.LG2026-07KDD

提出轻量级解码层,让生成式推荐系统在不重训练的前提下实现多目标推荐。

Stochastic Primal-Dual Decoding for Multiobjective Generative Recommender Systems

论文配图:Stochastic Primal-Dual Decoding for Multiobjective Generative Recommender Systems
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 在推理阶段引入随机原始对偶解码,动态平衡相关性与辅助目标。
  • 在线实验中辅助目标提升1.8%,用户满意度零损失。
  • 适合需要快速适配多目标约束的工业级生成式推荐系统。

生成式推荐系统近年来在性能上取得显著提升。实际推荐场景中,需构建满足多个目标的推荐列表(如项目属性约束或公平性要求)。现有方法要么依赖非生成设置的后处理技术,要么将辅助目标直接融入训练,前者未考虑生成过程的顺序性,后者在大规模系统中不切实际。本文提出一种轻量级、推理时的解码层,无需修改或重新训练基础模型即可支持多目标生成。将解码建模为在线约束优化问题,逐项选择项目,并根据剩余约束松弛度动态调整相关性与辅助目标之间的权衡。通过随机原始对偶近似方案实现平衡。提供约束违反和遗憾的理论保证,并通过大量离线实验及真实推荐系统中的大规模在线A/B测试验证。结果表明,在多目标权衡上持续改进,辅助目标提升1.8%,且对用户满意度无影响。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advances in recommender systems (RS) have shown substantial performance gains through generative modelling. In practice, recommendation often involves constructing slates -- ordered lists of items -- that must satisfy multiple objectives beyond relevance, such as constraints defined over item attributes or fairness constraints. Existing multiobjective approaches either rely on post-processing techniques designed for non-generative settings, or incorporate auxiliary objectives directly into model training. The former does not explicitly account for the sequential nature of generative RS, while the latter is often impractical in large-scale systems. We propose a lightweight, inference-time decoding layer that augments autoregressive generative RS to support multiobjective slate generation without modifying or retraining the underlying model. We formulate decoding as an online constrained optimisation problem, where items are selected sequentially, and trade-offs between relevance and auxiliary objectives are adjusted dynamically based on the remaining constraint slack, i.e., how much of each objective remains to be satisfied. This is implemented via a stochastic primal-dual approximation scheme that balances relevance and auxiliary objectives during generation. We provide theoretical guarantees on constraint violation and regret, and evaluate the proposed approach through extensive offline experiments and a large-scale online A/B experiment in a real-world recommender system. Our results show consistent improvements in multiobjective trade-offs, including a +1.8\% gain in the auxiliary objectives achieved at zero cost to user satisfaction.

生成推荐多目标优化推理加速

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