arXiv:2607.19742cs.CRcs.AI2026-07

自动从威胁报告中提取可执行的攻击链,支持精准推理与路径分析。

An Automated Framework for Extracting Reachable Attack Chains from Cyber Threat Intelligence Reports

论文配图:An Automated Framework for Extracting Reachable Attack Chains from Cyber Threat Intelligence Reports
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将每步攻击建模为前提、行为、后置条件三要素,构建可推理的攻击单元。
  • 在20份报告334个标注步骤上,覆盖率达现有系统更高,95%报告成功达成目标。
  • 适合安全研究者和自动化攻防系统开发,提升威胁情报利用效率。

网络安全威胁情报(CTI)报告详述真实攻击流程,但其非结构化叙述无法直接用于自动化攻击路径推理。现有提取方法仅关注指标、实体或TTP标签,未建模各攻击步骤的执行条件与结果状态,导致无法进行状态匹配或跨多阶段攻击链的可达性分析。本文提出一种自动化框架,将每个攻击步骤建模为包含前提条件、攻击行为和后置条件的攻击单元,通过大语言模型辅助的多阶段流水线,提取攻击行为骨架,恢复前后置条件,归一化为预定义谓词,并修复断裂依赖关系;最终生成符合Datalog风格规则的攻击链,用于攻击目标可达性推理。在包含334个经人工验证标注步骤的20份CTI报告数据集上,本框架对攻击行为的恢复覆盖优于代表性提取系统。通过显式生成前提与后置条件,所产攻击单元比端到端大模型基线更完整、一致。基于提取链的Datalog推理在20份报告中成功达成指定攻击目标19次,反向搜索共发现34条可行攻击路径。源代码与实验数据已匿名发布。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) reports richly describe real-world attack processes, but their unstructured narratives cannot be directly used for automated attack-path reasoning. Existing CTI extraction methods focus on indicators, entities, or TTP labels without modeling the execution conditions and resulting states of each attack step, so the extracted knowledge supports neither state matching nor reachability analysis across multi-stage attack chains. This paper proposes an automated framework that extracts reachable attack chains by modeling each attack step as an attack unit of preconditions, an attack behavior, and postconditions. A multi-stage pipeline assisted by large language models (LLMs) extracts attack behavior skeletons, recovers their preconditions and postconditions, normalizes them into predefined predicates, and repairs broken dependencies; the resulting units are compiled into Datalog-style rules for attack-goal reachability reasoning. On a dataset of 20 CTI reports containing 334 human-validated annotated steps, our framework achieves higher annotated-step coverage than representative CTI extraction systems in recovering attack behaviors. Moreover, by explicitly generating preconditions and postconditions, it produces attack units that are more complete and consistent than those generated by end-to-end LLM baselines. On the extracted chains, Datalog inference reaches the specified attack goal in 19 of 20 reports, while backward search yields 34 attack paths under the generated rules. The source code and experimental artifacts are available in an anonymized repository. .

威胁情报攻击链大模型自动化推理

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