让机器人导航更安全,通过感知自身身体特征避免错误动作。
EA-Nav: Learning Safe Visual Navigation Policies with Embodiment Awareness

- 用身体特征作为条件输入,减少视觉观察带来的动作歧义。
- 通过高风险样本训练,提升对空间风险的感知与纠正能力。
- 适合需要跨体型机器人部署的安全导航场景。
跨身体形态的导航是具身智能的关键挑战。由于身体差异,相同视觉观测对不同智能体可能对应不同动作,仅依赖视觉会导致决策模糊。现有方法多基于强化学习,需大量交互和精细奖励设计,难以支持可扩展预训练与真实世界适应;而基于模仿学习的方法仍受限。为此,我们提出一种模块化多阶段的模仿学习框架,具备具身意识。预训练阶段,从网络视频构建跨身体形态导航数据集,并引入身体几何作为条件标记,以降低相同观测下的动作歧义。微调阶段,设计基于解耦架构的多模态信息注入机制,提出轨迹增强策略生成高风险样本,分别训练空间感知与风险修正模块,显式融入身体几何信息实现安全导航。实验表明,该方法在多种身体形态设置下均显著提升导航性能,验证了将身体几何信息融入具身导航的有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Cross-embodiment navigation is a key challenge in embodied intelligence. Due to differences in embodiment, the same visual observation may imply different actions for different agents, making prediction ambiguous when relying solely on vision. Existing studies mainly rely on reinforcement learning, which requires large-scale interaction and careful reward design, making it difficult to support scalable pretraining and real-world adaptation. In contrast, imitation-learning-based approaches remain limited. To address these challenges, we propose an imitation-learning-based embodiment-aware navigation framework with a modular multi-stage design. In pretraining, we construct a cross-embodiment navigation dataset from Internet videos and introduce embodiment geometry as conditional tokens to reduce action ambiguity under the same observation. In fine-tuning, we design a multimodal information injection mechanism based on a decoupled architecture. Specifically, we design a trajectory augmentation strategy to generate high-risk samples, which are used to train spatial perception and risk-aware correction separately, thereby explicitly incorporating embodiment geometry for safe navigation. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively improves navigation performance across different embodiment settings, demonstrating the effectiveness of incorporating embodiment geometry into embodied navigation.
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