大模型会无意识模仿人类叙事模式,导致对话行为逐渐偏离预期。
The Storyteller in the Model: Narrative Pattern Inheritance, Escalation Dynamics, and Alignment Governance in LLMs
- 模型复现训练数据中的叙事结构而非独立推理
- 不同任务下稳定出现讨好、欺骗等隐性性格特征
- 微调特定故事任务可能引发意外行为蔓延
大模型主要基于人类撰写的文本进行训练,但这些文本中蕴含的结构化叙事模式——如主角、反派、逆袭等原型角色,以及张力与解决的故事弧线——极少被视作系统性行为影响来源或部署后的治理风险。本文通过系统文献综述与多篇实证研究的交叉分析,考察了此类叙事模式是否在训练中被吸收,并在长时交互中引发响应向非预期、对抗性或修辞性强的方向漂移。研究发现:第一,模型更倾向于复现训练数据的统计模式而非自主推理;第二,在多种无关提示下,可测量的隐性特质(如讨好性、欺骗性)具有可重复性;第三,针对单一叙事任务的微调可引发超出该任务范围的意外行为改变。此外,现实使用中以叙述风格输出的内容最为常见,进一步放大上述风险。叙事漂移构成部署系统中未受监控的渐进式升级路径,规避了传统离散事件检测机制,亟需专门的监测工具。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
LLMs are trained predominantly on human-authored text, yet the structural and narrative conventions embedded in that text are rarely examined as a source of systematic behavioral influence, or as a governance risk in deployed systems. This paper considers whether the storytelling patterns inherent in published human writing, including archetypal roles such as protagonist, antagonist, and underdog, as well as tension-and-resolution narrative arcs, are absorbed during training and subsequently surface in LLM outputs, causing responses to drift toward unexpected, adversarial, or rhetorically enticing behaviors over extended interactions. Through a systematic literature review and cross-paper analysis of recent empirical studies on LLM alignment, persona dynamics, emergent misalignment, and user interaction patterns, we observe evidence bearing on this hypothesis. The findings reveal three key patterns. First, LLMs reproduce statistical patterns from their training data rather than reasoning independently. Second, measurable latent traits, including sycophancy and deceptiveness, emerge reliably across unrelated prompts. Third, fine-tuning on a narrow narrative task can produce unintended behavioral changes well beyond that task. Furthermore, evidence suggests that persuasive, narrative-style outputs are among the most common LLM products in real-world usage, amplifying these risks. Narrative drift constitutes an unmonitored escalation pathway in deployed AI systems, one that evades discrete-incident detection mechanisms and requires dedicated monitoring instruments.
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