提出分布式扩散模型,让多机器人快速协同规划路径。
Distributed Model-Based Diffusion For Scalable Multi-Robot Trajectory Optimization

- 将扩散过程分解为各机器人的局部去噪,由服务器同步共享状态
- 在多种场景下实现亚秒级求解,性能远超现有方法
- 适合需要快速协调的多机器人系统,如搜救、物流
多机器人路径优化在高度非凸、非线性及不可微环境中仍具挑战性。尽管基于模型的扩散(MBD)已展现单机器人轨迹生成的潜力,但扩展至多机器人系统会形成集中式高维推理问题,面临样本效率低下(维度灾难)且需全局访问所有机器人动力学、约束与目标的困境。为此,我们提出分布式模型基扩散(DMBD),一种分层-机器人架构,将逆扩散过程分解为本地条件逆扩散过程。每个机器人可在自身控制子空间内独立迭代去噪,同时以服务器聚合并广播的其他机器人轨迹估计作为条件。大量仿真显示,在目标互换、多楼层覆盖、停车和高峰时段等场景中,DMBD具备强可扩展性,能在亚秒级完成复杂协同任务,显著优于现有基准。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Trajectory optimization for multi-robot systems remains a critical challenge, particularly when navigating highly non-convex, non-linear, and non-differentiable environments. While Model-Based Diffusion (MBD) has recently emerged as a promising sampling-based optimization paradigm for single-robot trajectory generation, extending it to multi-robot systems results in a centralized, high-dimensional inference problem that (i) suffers from poor sample efficiency due to the curse of dimensionality and (ii) requires global access to all robots' dynamics, constraints, and objectives. To address this, we propose Distributed Model-Based Diffusion (DMBD), a distributed server-robot framework that decomposes the reverse diffusion process into local conditional reverse diffusion processes. This decomposition enables each robot to iteratively perform denoising independently within its own control subspace while conditioning on the current trajectory estimates of the other robots that are aggregated and broadcast by the server. Extensive simulations in goal swapping, multi-floor coverage, parking, and rush-hour scenarios demonstrate that DMBD achieves strong scalability, solving many challenging coordination tasks in sub-seconds and significantly outperforming existing baselines.
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