arXiv:2607.21076cs.CV2026-07

提出新方法提升多模态大模型量化精度,避免关键通道失真。

C-PTQ: Fisher-weighted Channel-wise Sensitivity for Post-training Quantization of MLLMs

论文配图:C-PTQ: Fisher-weighted Channel-wise Sensitivity for Post-training Quantization of MLLMs
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于费雪信息设计通道敏感度权重,统一优化任务损失与量化误差。
  • 在8个基准上达到当前最佳性能,无需额外模块如LoRA。
  • 适合需高效部署多模态大模型的开发者和研究者使用。

多模态大语言模型(MLLMs)内存与计算开销巨大,限制了实际部署。后训练量化(PTQ)可有效压缩模型并加速推理,但量化过程中的异常通道会显著降低激活保真度和任务准确率。现有方法依赖模态或令牌级指标指导解码器通道缩放(CWS),但这些指标未能捕捉通道对特定任务损失的影响,导致重要性与缩放因子不匹配。为此,本文提出C-PTQ,一种统一的通道级后训练量化方法,通过二阶导数启发的费雪加权目标,近似海森矩阵,将任务敏感性无缝融入缩放过程。该方法无需额外模块(如LoRA),保持高效率。在Qwen2.5VL、InternVL2和LLaVA-OV上跨8个基准的实验表明,其在仅权重和权重-激活设置下均实现最优性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) require huge memory and computational costs, which limits their practical deployment. Post-training quantization (PTQ) techniques offer an efficient solution for model compression and inference acceleration. Yet, the quantized model faces performance degradation due to outlier channels, which are highly sensitive to quantization and substantially impair activation fidelity and task accuracy. To protect these salient channels during quantization, existing PTQ methods leverage modality- or token-level metrics to guide channel-wise scaling (CWS) of LLM decoders. However, these orthogonal measurements fail to capture channel-wise impacts on task-specific loss, and the misalignment between importance and scaling factors ultimately leads to suboptimal performance. To address this issue, we propose C-PTQ, a unified channel-wise PTQ method that harmonizes task-specific loss perturbation and quantization error. Motivated by second-order derivatives, we design a Fisher-weighted objective as a tractable Hessian approximation, seamlessly injecting task sensitivity into the scaling process. Notably, we achieve state-of-the-art performance without auxiliary modules like LoRA, thereby maintaining high efficiency. Experiments on Qwen2.5VL, InternVL2 and LLaVA-OV across 8 benchmarks demonstrate our effectiveness in both weight-only and weight-activation settings.

多模态量化大模型

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