arXiv:2607.21088cs.LG2026-07

提出CASC框架,从时空数据中发现随时间演变的因果聚类模式。

CASC: Causal Adversarial Subspace Clustering for Multivariate Spatiotemporal Data

论文配图:CASC: Causal Adversarial Subspace Clustering for Multivariate Spatiotemporal Data
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 融合对抗聚类与动态时序建模,学习时空数据深层结构。
  • 引入因果保持损失,使聚类结果反映真实因果关系而非表面相关。
  • 适合研究海冰变化、疾病传播等复杂动态系统的研究者。

深度子空间聚类在多变量时空数据应用中至关重要,如海冰监测、疾病传播分析和神经退行性病变追踪。尽管已有进展,现有方法主要依赖几何自表达性假设,认为子空间结构静态不变,难以捕捉因果依赖、局部空间交互和长程时间动态。为此,我们提出一种新型因果对抗子空间聚类(CASC)框架,用于发现高维时空数据中的演化潜在状态。CASC结合受U-Net启发的深度对抗聚类架构与堆叠的FAConvLSTM层,以保留空间-时间结构并学习鲁棒的潜在表示。引入基于图注意力变换器的自表达网络,联合建模局部空间关系、全局依赖及长程时间交互。此外,提出两项新学习目标:(1) 因果子空间保持损失,使自表达系数与潜在因果关系对齐,促使聚类反映底层因果过程而非简单特征相似性;(2) 动态时间子空间演化损失,捕捉非平稳环境中子空间结构的演变与时间状态转换。这些组件共同将深度子空间聚类从相关驱动范式转变为因果-时间状态发现框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Deep subspace clustering plays a critical role in applications involving multivariate spatiotemporal data, such as sea ice monitoring, disease spread analysis, and tracking neuro-degeneration over time. Despite recent advances, existing methods primarily rely on geometric self-expressiveness, assume static subspace structures, and often fail to capture causal dependencies, local spatial interactions, and long-range temporal dynamics inherent in complex spatiotemporal systems. To address these limitations, we propose a novel Causal Adversarial Subspace Clustering (CASC) framework for discovering evolving latent regimes in high-dimensional spatiotemporal data. CASC integrates a U-Net-inspired deep adversarial clustering architecture with stacked FAConvLSTM layers to preserve spatial and temporal structure while learning robust latent representations. A graph attention transformer-based self-expressive network is introduced to jointly model local spatial relationships, global dependencies, and long-range temporal interactions. Furthermore, we propose two new learning objectives: (1) a Causal Subspace Preservation Loss that aligns self-expression coefficients with latent causal relationships, encouraging clusters to reflect underlying causal processes rather than simple feature similarity, and (2) a Dynamic Temporal Subspace Evolution Loss that captures evolving subspace structures and temporal regime transitions in nonstationary environments. Together, these components transform deep subspace clustering from a correlation-driven paradigm into a causal-temporal regime discovery framework.

子空间聚类时空数据因果建模动态演化

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