提出实时大场景地图构建系统,解决传统方法内存过高、无法长期运行的问题。
GLAM-SLAM: Real-time Gaussian Large-scale Mapping via Flow Densification and Spatial Decomposition

- 分步设计:前端特征追踪+后端稀疏锚点网格映射,降低计算负担。
- 在KITTI等数据集上重建质量比次优方案提升15%,支持长时间序列。
- 适合需要实时、长时程大场景建图的自动驾驶与机器人应用。
基于3D高斯溅射的单目同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)系统普遍存在仅适用于短序列、非实时或占用大量显存的问题,限制了其在真实长时程场景中的应用。为此,本文提出GLAM-SLAM,一种面向大尺度户外场景的实时、解耦式高斯溅射SLAM系统。通过鲁棒的特征基前端实现轻量级跟踪,映射部分采用结构化稀疏锚点网格表示,确保可扩展性并维持长序列下的场景一致性。为满足3D高斯溅射对密集初始化的需求,引入基于几何约束的光流稠密化锚定策略。此外,将映射视为多场景问题,提出场景分割策略,利用MLP初始化引入强空间先验,生成局部化高斯分布。在具有挑战性的长序列KITTI Odometry、Oxford RobotCar和Málaga数据集上进行评估,大量消融实验与对比显示,本系统重建质量较第二优方法提升15%,同时保持实时性能并支持更长序列扩展。代码已公开,供社区使用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Existing Gaussian-splatting-based monocular Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) systems are either tailored to short sequences, are not real-time, or suffer from prohibitive GPU memory requirements, limiting their applicability in realistic, long-horizon scenarios. To address this, we present GLAM-SLAM, a real-time, decoupled Gaussian-splatting SLAM system designed for large-scale outdoor scenes. We ensure lightweight tracking using a robust, feature-based SLAM frontend, while for mapping, we adopt a structured, sparse anchor grid representation that ensures scalable operation and maintains scene coherence across long-term sequences. To satisfy the dense initialization requirements of 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), we introduce a geometry-based flow-densification anchoring strategy using epipolar constraints. Furthermore, by treating mapping as a multi-scene problem, we propose a scene-partitioning strategy that introduces a strong spatial inductive bias via MLP initializations to generate localized Gaussians. We evaluate our system on the challenging, long-sequence KITTI Odometry, Oxford RobotCar, and M'alaga datasets. Extensive ablations and comparisons demonstrate a 15% improvement in reconstruction quality over the second-best performer, while maintaining real-time performance and the ability to scale to longer sequences. Code is publicly available for the benefit of the community.
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