用隐式表示精修超声图像边界,提升分割鲁棒性。
Risk-Routed Implicit Boundary Refinement for Robust Ultrasound Image Segmentation

- 以隐式神经表示作风险路由的残差修正,不直接预测完整掩码。
- 在9个超声数据集上边界误差显著降低,参数量小仍保持高性能。
- 适合资源受限且对边界精度要求高的医疗影像分割场景。
医学超声图像分割受斑点噪声、低对比度边界、声影及操作者与临床中心间采集差异影响,挑战重重。尽管编码器-解码器和基于Transformer的网络表现强劲,但许多方法依赖密集解码器或更大主干网络恢复边界细节,仍可能产生过度平滑的轮廓或在分布外情况下预测不稳定。本文提出风险路由隐式边界精修(RIBR),一种紧凑的分割框架,将隐式神经表示作为风险路由的残差校正,而非无约束的全掩码预测器。RIBR结合边界精修隐式残差、风险路由残差控制以及几何与斑点感知的边界正则化,有效精修不确定轮廓并抑制非边界振荡。在涵盖淋巴结、乳腺病灶、甲状腺结节和前列腺的九个超声数据集上的评估表明,RIBR在整体宏平均性能上最优,并在分组与器官特异性比较中持续降低边界误差,且在紧凑参数预算下实现。结果表明,受控的隐式残差学习是资源受限且边界敏感的超声分割的有效策略。源代码见 https://github.com/jinggqu/ribr。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Medical ultrasound (US) image segmentation faces significant challenges due to speckle noise, low-contrast boundaries, acoustic shadowing, and acquisition variation across operators and clinical centers. Although encoder-decoder and transformer-based networks have achieved strong performance, many methods recover boundary details through dense decoders or larger backbones, which may still produce over-smoothed contours or unstable predictions under external distribution shifts. In this article, we propose Risk-routed Implicit Boundary Refinement (RIBR), a compact segmentation framework that uses implicit neural representation as a risk-routed residual correction rather than an unconstrained full-mask predictor. RIBR combines boundary-refinement implicit residuals, risk-routed residual control, and geometry- and speckle-aware boundary regularization to refine uncertain contours while suppressing non-boundary oscillations. Evaluation on nine US datasets covering lymph nodes, breast lesions, thyroid nodules, and prostate shows that RIBR achieves the best overall macro-average and consistently reduces boundary error across grouped and organ-specific comparisons under a compact parameter budget. These findings suggest that controlled implicit residual learning is a practical strategy for resource-constrained and boundary-sensitive US segmentation. Source code is available at https://github.com/jinggqu/ribr.
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