arXiv:2607.21800physics.med-phcs.CV2026-07

用CT生成PET图像,辅助头颈癌诊疗决策。

A Dual Path Framework with Hotspot Guided Fusion for Three Dimensional CT to PET Synthesis in Head and Neck Cancer

论文配图:A Dual Path Framework with Hotspot Guided Fusion for Three Dimensional CT to PET Synthesis in Head and Neck Cancer
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 双路径架构:回归网络保定量代谢信息,生成对抗网络建纹理。
  • 合成图像误差极低,均方误差仅0.00395,结构相似性达0.9634。
  • 适合需频繁评估代谢活性但难做PET的临床场景。

18F-FDG PET/CT在头颈癌分期、治疗规划和疗效评估中至关重要,提供与解剖CT互补的功能信息。然而,PET需注射示踪剂、专用设备和额外成本,限制其重复成像应用。本文提出一种基于深度学习的三维CT到PET图像合成框架,旨在通过常规CT生成具有代谢信息的模拟PET图像,用于影像分诊与临床决策支持,而非替代诊断级PET。基于公开的QIN-HEADNECK数据集,44例患者采用五折交叉验证。提出全三维双路径架构:(i) 回归U-Net优化体素级标准化摄取值(SUV)估计;(ii) 条件生成对抗网络优化真实PET纹理。两者输出通过热点引导拉普拉斯金字塔融合,使高代谢区域保留定量信息,其余区域获得逼真纹理。框架在三维重建PET体积上取得平均绝对误差0.00395、峰值信噪比39.19 dB、结构相似性0.9634。定性评估显示多数FDG高摄取病灶定位准确,背景纹理解剖合理。与以往研究一致,主要局限为高度代谢活跃肿瘤区的SUV系统性低估。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

18F-FDG PET/CT plays a central role in staging, treatment planning, and response assessment for head and neck cancer by providing functional information that complements anatomical CT imaging. However, PET acquisition requires radiotracer administration, specialized infrastructure, and additional cost, limiting its availability for repeated imaging. We present a proof of concept deep learning framework for synthesizing PET like images directly from routine CT scans with the goal of providing complementary metabolic information that may support imaging triage and clinical decision support rather than replace diagnostic PET. Forty-four patients from the publicly available QIN-HEADNECK dataset were retrospectively analyzed using five fold cross-validation. We propose a fully three dimensional dual path architecture consisting of (i) a regression U-Net optimized for voxel-wise quantitative SUV estimation and (ii) a conditional generative adversarial network optimized for realistic PET texture. Their outputs are integrated using hotspot guided Laplacian pyramid blending, allowing quantitative information from the regression pathway to be preserved within metabolically active regions while leveraging adversarial texture synthesis elsewhere. The proposed framework achieved a mean absolute error of 0.00395, PSNR of 39.19 dB, and SSIM of 0.9634 on reconstructed three dimensional PET volumes. Qualitative evaluation demonstrated accurate localization of many FDG-avid lesions while producing anatomically realistic background texture. Consistent with previous CT to PET synthesis studies, the principal limitation was systematic underestimation of SUV within highly metabolically active tumor regions.

CT到PET医学图像合成双路径头颈癌

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