用1米分辨率影像精准识别农田范围与边界,助力农业监测。
Farmland Extent and Visible Boundary Mapping from 1 m NAIP Imagery Using Residual U-Net and Text-Prompted SAM 3 Refinement

- 用残差U-Net结合分割提示优化农田边界识别
- 测试集Dice达0.923,碎片化地块识别提升明显
- 适合缺乏现成农田图的地区做农业遥感分析
农田地图常为专有、不完整或过时,却对作物监测、产量核算和土地利用变化分析至关重要。本研究提出一种可复现的流程,基于1米分辨率NAIP RGB影像绘制农田范围与可见边界。选取37景覆盖开阔耕地、城乡交界、半干旱灌溉区及破碎拼块区域的影像,在CVAT中标注并转为二值掩码。非重叠256×256图像块共生成5,698样本,按来源场景划分为3,850训练、770验证和1,078测试样本。采用带狄克损失(L = 2.5(1 - Dice) + BCE)的残差U-Net模型,测试集准确率0.8808,交并比IoU 0.8605,Dice 0.9234,精确率0.8766,召回率0.9794。将冻结的SAM 3分支以‘agricultural farmland field’为提示,通过逻辑或操作融合至残差U-Net。在部分难点样本上,狄克系数从0.858(果园行)提升至0.955,从0.804(破碎地块)提升至0.903。滑动窗口拼接生成连贯区域掩码(示例瓦片狄克分别为0.898和0.919)。最终输出为语义农田范围层,非产权地块图,适用于现有农田图缺失地区的农业监测。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agricultural field maps are often proprietary, incomplete, or outdated, yet they provide the spatial framework for crop monitoring, production accounting, and land-conversion analysis. This study presents a reproducible workflow for mapping farmland extent and visible boundaries from 1 m NAIP RGB imagery. Thirty-seven scenes spanning open cropland, peri-urban interfaces, semi-arid irrigation geometries, and fragmented mosaics were annotated in CVAT and converted to binary masks. Non-overlapping 256 x 256 patches yielded 5,698 samples, split by source scene into 3,850 training, 770 validation, and 1,078 test patches. A residual U-Net (ResUNet) trained with a Dice-dominant loss, L = 2.5(1 - Dice) + BCE, achieved test accuracy 0.8808, IoU 0.8605, Dice 0.9234, precision 0.8766, and recall 0.9794. A frozen SAM 3 branch prompted with "agricultural farmland field" was fused with ResUNet by logical OR. On selected difficult patches, Dice improved from 0.858 to 0.955 (orchard rows) and from 0.804 to 0.903 (fragmented parcels). Sliding-window stitching produced coherent regional masks (example tile Dice 0.898 and 0.919). The product is a semantic farmland-extent layer, not a cadastral parcel map, and supports agricultural monitoring where current field layers are unavailable.
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