arXiv:2607.22494cs.MMcs.CV2026-07中稿 · ACM Multimedia 202…

让自动驾驶预测碰撞时能说清风险来源,且过程透明可解释。

CARA: Concept-Aware Risk Attention for Interpretable Collision Anticipation

论文配图:CARA: Concept-Aware Risk Attention for Interpretable Collision Anticipation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用事故故事提取风险概念,与视频帧对齐生成动态概念轨迹。
  • 在三个数据集上比现有方法更早预警,准确率提升显著。
  • 适合需要透明决策的自动驾驶安全系统研发者使用。

自动驾驶中的碰撞预测不仅需要精准的早期预警,还需可解释的风险推理过程。现有方法存在模型不透明、事后解释失真或仅适用于静态场景等问题。本文提出CARA(概念感知风险注意力)框架,从事故叙述中提取领域相关风险概念,通过视觉-语言相似性将其与视频帧对齐,并构建随时间演化的概念轨迹。这些轨迹作为显式风险证据,指导空间注意力、时间注意力和风险预测,使语义概念直接参与注意力分配与风险演化判断。通过将语义风险因素作为动态中间证据而非事后补充说明,CARA实现了可解释性与预测过程的紧密耦合。在三个基准数据集上的实验表明,CARA在保持更高预警提前量的同时,显著提升了预测准确率,并输出稀疏且语义明确的概念证据。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Collision anticipation in autonomous driving requires not only accurate early warnings but also interpretable reasoning about what risk factors are being tracked and how risk evolves over time. Existing methods fall short in this regard: feature-driven models are opaque, post-hoc explanations often lack fidelity, and concept-based methods are mostly designed for static recognition rather than dynamic driving scenes. We propose CARA (Concept-Aware Risk Attention), an intrinsically interpretable spatio-temporal framework for collision anticipation. CARA derives domain-grounded risk concepts from accident narratives, aligns them with video frames via vision-language similarity, and organizes them into evolving concept trajectories. These trajectories provide explicit risk evidence that guides spatial attention, temporal attention, and anticipation, allowing semantic concepts to directly influence both where the model attends and how it predicts risk over time. By treating semantic risk factors as dynamic intermediate evidence rather than auxiliary post-hoc explanations, CARA tightly couples interpretability with the predictive process. Extensive experiments on three benchmarks show that CARA consistently improves anticipation accuracy and warning earliness over strong baselines, while providing sparse and semantically grounded concept evidence.

自动驾驶可解释性风险预测

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