将海量医学文献自动浓缩为精准诊疗建议,省时又保质。
Too much evidence, too little time: From text to actionable recommendations through multi-objective evidence reasoning
- 用多目标推理整合证据支持与矛盾检测,生成可解释推荐
- 150个案例平均从576篇文献压缩至53篇,保留7条最优主张
- 支持交互式查证,适合临床医生快速决策
基于证据的临床决策需专家识别、评估并综合相关文献,但复杂病例在PubMed检索常返回数百篇文献,难以在时限内人工审阅。本研究提出SCEPTER(单病例证据驱动的文献到推荐推理框架),将临床描述转化为循证建议。该框架融合PubMed检索、PubMedBERT语义排序、大语言模型提取主张、证据权重分配、矛盾检测、共识分析及多目标帕累托主张选择。生成结构化证据综述与可落地的行动建议,并通过论文问答模块支持对选中文献的交互探索。评估显示,在150个病例上,平均将576篇文献压缩至53篇保留文献、7条帕累托最优主张和3条最终建议,整体压缩率达192:1;保留证据熵值达0.901,保持高多样性。消融实验表明,帕累托选择相较传统排序显著提升证据多样性和建议实用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Evidence-based clinical decision making requires specialists to identify, evaluate and synthesize relevant scientific literature. However, PubMed searches for complex clinical cases often return hundreds of publications that cannot be reviewed manually under time constraints. This study proposes SCEPTER (Single-Case Evidence-driven PubMed-To-rEcommendation Reasoner), a framework for transforming clinical case descriptions into evidence-based recommendations. SCEPTER combines PubMed retrieval, PubMedBERT semantic ranking, large language model (LLM)-based claim extraction, evidence-level weighting, contradiction detection, consensus analysis and multi-objective Pareto claim selection. The framework generates structured evidence syntheses and grounded actionable recommendations. A Paper Q&A module further enables interactive exploration of selected publications. The proposed framework introduces multi-objective reasoning model that integrates literature support, contradiction analysis and interactive literature interrogation into a unified clinical decision-support pipeline. Evaluation on 150 case studies demonstrated that the framework reduced an average search space of 576 papers to 53 retained papers, 7 Pareto-optimal claims and 3 final recommendations, corresponding to an overall compression ratio of 192:1. Despite this reduction, the retained evidence maintained high diversity (entropy=0.901). The ablation study showed that Pareto-based selection increased evidence diversity and recommendation utility compared with conventional ranking approaches.
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