让不同设备共享GPU算力,速度最快提升24倍。
Gleam: Adaptive Network-Efficient CUDA API Remoting for Cross-Device GPU Sharing over LANs

- 自动缓存模型权重+异步执行,降低网络开销和延迟。
- 动态调度任务对,实测效率提升1.4到24.2倍。
- 适合在局域网内做AI推理的多设备协同场景。
本文旨在实现局域网内设备间高效计算与通信的GPU共享,支持异构个人设备上的普及化AI推理。通过CUDA API远程调用实现分布式任务卸载,但网络限制(带宽有限、高频率API调用、跨任务竞争)成为主要瓶颈。为此,我们提出Gleam——一种面向本地CUDA设备的任务通用、网络高效的GPU共享框架,包含三项核心贡献:首先,通过自动模型权重缓存减少带宽开销,并利用异步执行缓解频繁API调用带来的累积延迟;其次,设计运行时任务调度器,动态确定局域网客户端与服务器间的API远程调用配对,显式考虑网络状况与并行负载下的GPU资源竞争;最后,引入专用机制保障分布式执行中CUDA上下文的一致性。在异构NVIDIA GPU与多样AI工作负载上的大量实验表明,Gleam持续优于现有最佳基线,API远程调用效率提升1.4–24.2倍,系统吞吐量最高提升1.79倍。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper aims to enable computation- and communication-efficient GPU sharing across devices within local area networks (LANs), facilitating ubiquitous AI inference on heterogeneous personal devices. We achieve distributed task offloading via CUDA API remoting. However, beyond raw computation, network constraints emerge as the primary bottleneck: limited bandwidth, high-frequency API invocations, and cross-task contention significantly hinder performance. To address these challenges, we propose Gleam, a novel and network-efficient framework for task-generic GPU sharing across local-area CUDA devices, with three key contributions. First, we reduce bandwidth overhead in CUDA API remoting through automatic model weight caching, and mitigate accumulated latency from frequent API calls by asynchronous execution. Second, we design a runtime task scheduler that dynamically determines API remoting pairs between LAN clients and servers, explicitly accounting for both network conditions and GPU resource contention under parallel workloads. Finally, we introduce dedicated mechanisms to ensure CUDA context consistency across distributed executions. Extensive experiments on heterogeneous NVIDIA GPUs and diverse AI workloads show Gleam consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, achieving 1.4-24.2 times improvements in API remoting efficiency and up to 1.79 times higher system throughput.
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