arXiv:2607.23321eess.IVcs.CV2026-07

无需参考图像,仅凭照片和拍摄参数就能评估相机处理质量。

A Reference-Free Framework for Evaluating Single-Frame ISP Pipelines

论文配图:A Reference-Free Framework for Evaluating Single-Frame ISP Pipelines
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用ISO元数据和输出图像生成虚拟参考图,实现无参考下的全参考评估
  • 在真实相机数据上表现优于传统盲评方法,与全参考排名一致率更高
  • 轻量LoRA微调可快速适应不同图像处理流程,适合实际部署

评估相机图像信号处理(ISP)流水线需检测去噪、去马赛克、色调映射和压缩等操作引入的低层伪影。盲图像质量评估(IQA)方法虽无需参考图像,但通常关注语义或高层视觉线索,而非流水线造成的低层伪影。全参考指标如PSNR和SSIM衡量像素级差异,LPIPS在深层特征空间中度量感知相似性,但需完全对齐的图像对,在实际场景中难以获取。本文提出一种无参考学习框架,从处理后的sRGB图像及其ISO元数据中估计全参考图像质量指标。该方法预测一个代理sRGB参考图,再以标准全参考方式计算PSNR、SSIM和LPIPS。实验表明,代理参考模型可在合成数据上训练并应用于真实相机数据;轻量级LoRA微调可高效适配不同的ISP组件或流水线配置。所提方法在估计指标值方面优于直接回归,且与全参考排序的一致性高于传统盲评方法,证明了其在实际相机流水线评估中的可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Evaluating camera image signal processing (ISP) pipelines requires measuring low-level artifacts introduced by operations such as denoising, demosaicing, tone mapping, and compression. Blind image quality assessment (IQA) techniques can grade visual quality without a reference, but they typically focus on semantic and high-level visual cues or human perceptual scores rather than the low-level image-processing artifacts introduced by camera pipelines. In contrast, full-reference metrics such as PSNR and SSIM measure pixel-level differences and structural similarity, while LPIPS measures perceptual similarity in deep feature space. However, these metrics require perfectly aligned image pairs, which are difficult to collect in practical settings. We propose a reference-free learning framework that estimates full-reference image quality metrics from a processed sRGB image and its ISO metadata. Our method predicts a proxy sRGB reference, which is then compared with the processed image to compute PSNR, SSIM, and LPIPS in their standard full-reference form. Our experiments show that the proxy-reference model can be learned from synthetic data and applied to real camera data. We further show that lightweight LoRA fine-tuning enables efficient adaptation when ISP components or pipeline configurations are changed. The proposed method outperforms direct metric regression in estimating metric values and achieves higher agreement with full-reference rankings than conventional blind IQA methods. These results demonstrate the feasibility of reference-free estimation of full-reference metrics for practical camera-pipeline evaluation.

图像质量评估无参考ISPLoRA

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