arXiv:2607.23575cs.CVcs.AI2026-07

用动态标签分布提升有序回归的鲁棒性,尤其适合标注噪声多的任务。

D3O: Dynamic Distribution Distillation for Ordinal Regression

论文配图:D3O: Dynamic Distribution Distillation for Ordinal Regression
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过自蒸馏动态演化标签分布,替代固定监督信号。
  • 在4个任务上均超越现有方法,尤其在类别不平衡和噪声标注下表现优异。
  • 适合标注模糊或主观性强的有序回归场景,如图像质量评估。

有序回归广泛应用于标签离散但具有内在顺序的场景。然而,实际中标签常通过主观人类判断对连续语义进行离散化,导致边界模糊和标注噪声。现有方法依赖固定监督目标,可能强化主观标注带来的偏差。为此,本文提出D3O:一种基于自蒸馏的动态分布蒸馏框架,将静态监督替换为训练驱动的标签分布演化。具体地,引入对比式有序感知标签增强模块,利用视觉-语言对齐恢复更精细的标签分布,捕捉类间模糊性和实例级不确定性;同时设计基于累积分布函数(CDF)的跨层交互蒸馏机制,实现网络层级间有序结构的传递,确保中间表示具有一致的有序几何结构。在四个通用有序回归任务上的大量实验表明,所提D3O在严重类别不平衡和噪声监督条件下持续优于现有方法,验证了动态监督在学习鲁棒有序表示方面的有效性。代码将公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ordinal regression is widely used in scenarios where labels are discrete yet inherently ordered. In practice, however, ordinal labels are often obtained by discretizing underlying continuous semantics through subjective human judgment, resulting in ambiguous boundaries and annotation noise. Such uncertainty challenges existing methods that rely on fixed supervision targets, which may reinforce biased ordering under subjective annotations. To address this limitation, we propose D3O, a dynamic distribution distillation framework that replaces static supervision with training-driven evolution of ordinal label distributions via self-distillation. Specifically, we introduce a contrastive ordinal-aware label enhancement module that leverages vision-language alignment to recover refined label distributions capturing both inter-class ambiguity and instance-level uncertainty. Furthermore, we design a CDF-based cross-layer interaction distillation mechanism to propagate cumulative ordinal structure across network hierarchy, ensuring consistent ordinal geometry in intermediate representations. Extensive experiments on four general ordinal regression tasks demonstrate that our proposed D3O consistently outperforms existing approaches, particularly under severe class imbalance and noisy supervision. These results highlight the effectiveness of dynamic supervision in learning robust ordinal representations beyond fixed targets. The code will be publicly available.

有序回归自蒸馏标签噪声视觉语言对齐

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