arXiv:2607.24115stat.MLcs.LG2026-07

提出自适应动态定价算法,应对需求随时间变化的难题。

On Non-Stationary Dynamic Pricing: Adaptivity and Optimality

  • 基于多尺度变化点检测,自动识别需求模型突变
  • 理论证明达到最优后悔率,优于现有方法
  • 无需预知变化次数或波动程度,适合真实场景

研究非平稳情境下的上下文动态定价问题:企业在 $T$ 个依次到来的消费者中销售产品,消费者行为遵循未知且可能随时间变化的需求模型。该模型假设为广义线性模型(GLM),特征向量 ∈ $/mathbb{R}^d$ 包含产品与用户信息。为实现最优收益(即最小后悔),企业需学习并利用未知的 GLM,同时监测潜在变化。本文提出一种基于多尺度变化点检测的算法,其后悔率为 $ ilde{O}( oot{s_T d T} igwedge igrace{V_T^{1/3} d^{1/3} T^{2/3} + oot{d T}}$,其中 $s_T$ 为分段平稳段数,$V_T$ 是新定义的设计调整型参数变化预算。该算法具备自适应性,无需事先知道 $s_T$ 或 $V_T$。据我们所知,这是首个在变化性质上自适应且达到“双世界最优”后悔率的动态定价算法,填补了长期空白。由于上下文变化复杂,已有自适应非平稳强化学习方法无法直接应用。算法性能通过新构造的极小极大下界验证,确认其最优性(忽略对数因子)。大量数值实验表明该算法在非平稳动态定价中高效且鲁棒。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We study the contextual dynamic pricing problem under non-stationarity, where a firm sells products to $T$ sequentially arriving consumers that behave according to an unknown demand model that can change over time. The demand model is assumed to be a generalized linear model (GLM), allowing for a feature vector in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that encodes products and consumer information. To achieve optimal revenue (i.e., least regret), the firm needs to learn and exploit the unknown GLMs while monitoring for potential changes. We propose a multiscale change-point detection based algorithm that achieves a regret of order $\widetilde{O}(\sqrt{s_TdT}\wedge\{V_T^{1/3}d^{1/3}T^{2/3}+\sqrt{dT}\})$, where $s_T$ is the number of piecewise stationary segments and $V_T$ is a newly defined notion of design-adjusted variation budget of model parameters. Our algorithm is adaptive and does not require knowing $s_T$ or $V_T$. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first dynamic pricing algorithm that is adaptive to the nature of changes and achieves the best-of-both-worlds rate, thus closing a long-standing gap in the literature. We remark that, due to the varying contexts, existing works in the adaptive non-stationary bandit literature cannot be applied to achieve optimality for contextual dynamic pricing. The regret is further accompanied with a newly constructed minimax lower bound, confirming the optimality of our algorithm (up to logarithmic factors). Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm in non-stationary dynamic pricing.

动态定价在线学习非平稳自适应

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。