arXiv:2607.24233cs.RO2026-07

多无人机协同建图,按需调节精度并自动平衡负载。

Quality-Adaptive Multi-UAV 3D Reconstruction with Sparse Workload Redistribution

论文配图:Quality-Adaptive Multi-UAV 3D Reconstruction with Sparse Workload Redistribution
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 根据目标精度动态生成视角,提升建图一致性。
  • 仿真显示路径效率更高,覆盖与精度优于现有方法。
  • 适合需要高精度3D建图的无人机团队应用。

未知环境的三维重建是机器人领域的关键应用,但受限于当前飞行平台的计算与能耗能力。部署多架无人机并设计高效可扩展的路径规划策略是常见方案,但无人机间有效的在线协作仍具挑战。为此,我们提出一种质量自适应的去中心化决策策略,实现用户定义保真度的三维地图构建。该方法将基于TSDF置信度的质量导向准则融入视点生成与信息增益估计,生成符合目标保真度的一致视点。同时采用两级协调机制:视点评估中引入惩罚因子以促进无人机局部分散;当检测到高信息区域配置失衡时,触发基于正则化聚类与最优任务分配的全局不平衡修正机制。仿真结果表明,所提方法在路径效率上优于现有先进多无人机探索方法,且在覆盖率与准确性方面实现了更高保真度重建。代码已开源供社区使用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

3D reconstruction of unknown environments is a key application in robotics but is severely limited by the computational and energy capabilities of current aerial platforms. Deploying multiple UAVs and providing efficient and scalable path planning strategies are common approaches, but effective online coordination among UAVs remains a significant challenge. To address this problem, we propose a quality-adaptive decentralized decision-making strategy to build a 3D map with user-defined degrees of fidelity. The approach integrates a quality-oriented criterion based on TSDF confidence into view generation and information gain estimation to produce viewpoints consistent with the desired fidelity target. Additionally, we employ two levels of coordination: a penalty factor in the viewpoint evaluation to encourage local dispersion among the UAVs and a global imbalance correction mechanism. The latter, based on regularized clustering and optimal task assignment, is only triggered when an unbalanced configuration relative to high-information regions is detected. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method improves path efficiency compared to state-of-the-art multi-UAV exploration approaches, while also achieving higher-fidelity reconstructions in terms of coverage and accuracy. We make our code publicly available to the community.

多无人机三维重建自适应协同规划

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