arXiv:2607.24272cond-mat.mtrl-scics.LG2026-07

用AI生成新型催化剂,可同时控制多种性能指标。

Catalyst Diffusion Transformer: Generative Inverse Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts

  • 基于扩散Transformer模型,学习压缩表征实现高效生成。
  • 生成28种符合氮还原反应活性窗口的合金候选物,富集1.5倍。
  • 适合需要多目标优化的催化剂逆向设计研究者使用。

催化剂设计面临化学空间巨大、变量高度耦合的问题,传统方法耗时耗力。尽管生成模型展现出潜力,但多数仅限于单属性条件或狭窄化学空间。本文提出催化剂扩散Transformer(CatDiT),一个统一的逆向设计框架,可生成从金属间化合物到氧化物表面的合法新颖结构。通过学习压缩的潜在表示,CatDiT实现高效训练与快速采样,并支持对吸附质类型、结合能及催化剂类别的同步条件约束。模型可有效控制离散属性,实现对连续属性的方向性调控,显著丰富特定反应的催化剂候选池。以氮还原反应(NRR)为例,多条件生成获得28个经密度泛函理论(DFT)优化的合金候选物,满足目标活性窗口且高于纯金属* N-*H scaling线,相较源分布提升约1.5倍。结果表明,CatDiT是面向属性导向催化剂逆向设计的实用且可扩展的方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The vast chemical design space and complex, interdependent design variables make catalyst discovery for targeted properties highly labor- and resource-intensive. Although generative models have emerged as a promising solution, existing approaches are generally limited to single-property conditioning or narrow chemical spaces. Here, we present Catalyst Diffusion Transformer (CatDiT), a unified framework for inverse catalyst design that generates valid and novel structures ranging from intermetallic alloys to oxide surfaces. By learning compressed latent representations, CatDiT enables efficient training and rapid sampling while supporting simultaneous conditioning on adsorbate type, binding energy, and catalyst class. The model provides reliable control of discrete properties and directional control of continuous properties, enriching candidate pools for reaction-specific catalyst discovery. As a representative application, multi-conditional generation for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) yields 28 density functional theory (DFT)-relaxed alloy candidates that satisfy the target activity window and lie above the pure-metal *N-*H scaling line, corresponding to a ~1.5-fold enrichment over the source distribution. These results establish CatDiT as a practical and scalable approach for property-directed catalyst inverse design and targeted catalyst generation.

催化剂生成扩散模型逆向设计DFT

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