arXiv:2607.26368cs.CLcs.AI2026-07

区分财务披露中的11类细粒度不一致,提升金融文本可信度。

Diagnosing Fine-Grained Inconsistency Classification in Financial Disclosure Text

  • 用微调300M模型实现高效分类,性能媲美更大模型。
  • 自动提取证据可增益,但不如人工标注参考片段效果好。
  • 定位准确性影响部分类型判断,适合金融合规与审计场景。

财务披露中存在数值、时间、指代、事实和政策等11类细粒度不一致,需不同证据与推理进行诊断。本文研究细粒度不一致分类任务:给定含冲突的段落,识别其具体类型。基于固定版本的合成数据集SBID-FD,比较冻结编码器、微调编码器、证据增强分类器、提示大模型及LoRA适配生成模型。任务特化微调显著优于冻结表示,300M微调编码器性能媲美更大提示与适配模型。进一步分析定位冲突主张对分类的影响,发现自动提取证据提供额外信号,但仅恢复部分参考跨度带来的收益。每类分析与混淆矩阵显示,某些类型对定位质量敏感,另一些即使给出相关证据仍难分类。结果表明,证据定位与细粒度类型判别是独立挑战,紧凑监督编码器是该任务强基线。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Financial disclosures may contain numerical, temporal, referential, factual, and policy inconsistencies that require different evidence and reasoning to diagnose. We study \emph{fine-grained inconsistency classification}: given a passage known to contain a conflict, the goal is to identify its type among 11 categories. Using a fixed snapshot of the synthetic SBID-FD benchmark, we compare frozen and fine-tuned encoders, evidence-augmented classifiers, prompted large language models, and LoRA-adapted generative models under a shared evaluation protocol. Task-specific adaptation yields large improvements over frozen representations, and a fine-tuned 300M encoder performs competitively with substantially larger prompted and adapted models. We further study whether localizing the conflicting claims improves classification through matched predicted-span, reference-span, and distractor-span conditions. The results show that automatically extracted evidence provides additional signal but recovers only part of the benefit obtained from reference spans. Per-class and confusion analyses further reveal that some inconsistency types are especially sensitive to localization quality, whereas others remain difficult even when the relevant evidence is supplied. These findings identify evidence localization and fine-grained type discrimination as distinct challenges and show that compact supervised encoders are strong baselines for this task.

金融文本分类任务证据定位细粒度识别

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