语音记忆让语音识别更可靠,自动判断何时纠错、何时保持原样。
Voice Memory for Agentic Speech Recognition

- 用固定记忆文件控制纠错时机,只在有把握时才修正。
- 在10个领域中将错误率从8.36%降至7.52%,噪声环境下提升明显。
- 无需新增参数,可跨模型复用,适合追求稳定性的实际部署。
我们提出Voice Memory,一种仅用于推理的代理式语音识别方案:流式处理时,一个固定的校正器读取单个领域级记忆文件(memory.md),决定对每个语句是否采纳假设或放弃并保留最优结果。异步地,一个基于得分门控的优化器通过有限修改更新该文件,仅当改进了保留评分时才接受修改。该设计源自经典ASR-LM框架,我们称之为听者-思考者架构;二者仅通过记忆耦合,不更新权重,确保学习能力可审计且可迁移。实验发现,克制是该循环发现的核心技能:无约束生成式纠错(GER)在财经新闻上高达64%的修改会破坏正确词元,而Voice Memory将此比例降至35%。在十个HyPoradise领域中,使用开放校正器,该方法将加权词错误率从8.36%降至7.52%(加入三个上下文示例后为7.47%),且未使任何数据集低于其1-best基线;增益集中在可恢复空间最大的场景,如航空指令(8.40%→3.40%)和远场噪声语音(CHiME-4,12.69%→10.46%)。记忆文件可在不同校正器间迁移,且推理路径零参数增量。提供演示与示例代码供后续研究。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We present Voice Memory, a inference-only scheme for agentic speech recognition: at stream time, a frozen corrector reads a single per-domain memory.md and decides per utterance whether to act on the hypothesis or abstain and keep the 1-best. Asynchronously, a score-gated optimizer revises that file through bounded edits, accepting an edit only when it strictly improves a held-out score. Extended from classical ASR-LM framework, we refer this split the listener-thinker architecture; the two roles are coupled only through the memory, so no weights change and the learned skill stays auditable and portable. Restraint turns out to be the operative skill this loop discovers: unconstrained generative error correction (GER) over-corrects, breaking correct tokens on up to 64% of its edits on financial news, and Voice Memory, reduces this rate to 35%. Across ten HyPoradise domains with an open corrector, Voice Memory, lowers weighted word error rate from 8.36% to 7.52% (7.47% with three added in-context examples) without regressing any dataset below its 1-best baseline; gains concentrate where recoverable headroom is largest, including air-travel commands (8.40% to 3.40%) and noisy far-field speech (CHiME-4, 12.69% to 10.46%). The memory transfers across corrector families and adds zero parameters to the inference path. A demo and example code are provided for future studies.
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