arXiv:2607.27443cs.AI2026-07

用图模型提前发现大模型智能体的错误动作,提升长任务成功率。

Leveraging Trajectory Graphs for Pre-Execution Error Diagnosis in Agentic LLM Systems

论文配图:Leveraging Trajectory Graphs for Pre-Execution Error Diagnosis in Agentic LLM Systems
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将历史动作序列建模为概率图,用图神经网络识别易失败的动作模式。
  • 在4个基准上平均提升14.69%的任务通过率,无需额外训练。
  • 适合需要高可靠性长周期交互的智能体系统,如具身AI场景。

基于大语言模型(LLM)的智能体在复杂交互任务中表现优异,但在具身人工智能等领域的长时程任务中常因动作空间庞大、路径复杂而累积错误。单个次优动作可能导致整个任务失败,消耗有限步数于无效路径。为避免昂贵的微调,我们借鉴软件调试思路,提出「轨迹图协作者」(Trajectory Graph Copilot)框架,作为智能体的预诊断助手。其核心「图调试器」将历史轨迹建模为概率图,利用图神经网络识别频繁导致失败的序列动作模式。该方法作为主动诊断沙箱,在动作执行前提供潜在错误预警,促使智能体自我修正。实验证明,该方法在三个大模型智能体与四个基准上的平均任务通过率提升14.69%,显著增强长任务完成能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Model~(LLM)-based agents have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of complex interactive tasks. However, they often struggle with long-horizon interactive tasks common in domains, such as embodied AI. The complexity and vast action spaces in these settings lead to compounding errors, where a single suboptimal action can derail an entire trajectory, causing the agent to exhaust its limited step budget on inefficient or unrecoverable paths. To overcome this without costly fine-tuning, we draw inspiration from software debugging, where execution logs are analyzed to preemptively catch errors. We propose \textit{Trajectory Graph Copilot}, a novel framework that acts as a ``copilot'' for LLM agents by diagnosing potential action errors before they are executed. At its core,\textit{Graph Debugger} models historical trajectories as a probabilistic graph and uses a Graph Neural Network to identify sequential action patterns that frequently lead to failure. Functioning as a proactive diagnostic sandbox, our method provides early warnings on potentially flawed actions, prompting the agent to self-correct. This pre-action error diagnosis prevents costly mistakes, significantly enhancing the agent's ability to complete long-horizon tasks successfully. The extensive experiments on four benchmarks with three LLM agents demonstrate a $14.69\%$ pass ratio improvement on average.

智能体错误诊断图神经网络长任务

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