arXiv:2607.27626cs.LG2026-07中稿 · 2026 IEEE Real-Tim…

提出实时调度算法,确保物联网系统每帧信息时效性不超限。

Real-Time Hard Peak Age-of-Information Safety with No-Regret Learning

论文配图:Real-Time Hard Peak Age-of-Information Safety with No-Regret Learning
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将信息时效约束转为凸优化中的仿射约束,实现每轮单次投影保安全
  • 在对抗性环境下零违反率,实测10组种子全达标,其他方法最多漏掉64%时段
  • 适合工业控制、车联网等对时效性要求极严的实时系统

工业闭环控制、车联网协同和远程操作等安全关键物联网系统要求每个传感器的峰值信息时效(peak AoI)严格低于每时隙的硬性截止时间,而非仅平均约束。现有方法仅在特定假设下有效:随机信道下的Whittle索引法、深度强化学习依赖模拟回放,或长期受限在线凸优化中累积违规量为次线性。在对抗性系数下,OCO-PAoI-Hard 在一步可行性条件下保证每时隙零违规,且对任意静态安全参照物的累计遗憾为 O(sqrt(T));包级别安全需更强服务假设。关键观察是:分式峰值时效截止时间恰好转化为资源分配向量上的仿射半空间约束,使硬实时调度变为多面体安全集上的时变受限在线凸优化。通过严格因果的提议-防护-更新循环,每时隙仅一次欧氏投影即可保障可行性,梯度步保持无遗憾行为,经典虚拟队列简化为事后证书。本文建立静态与动态遗憾的闭式界,给出匹配的 Omega(sqrt(T)) 最小最大下界,设计抗执行噪声的边际安全变体,并提出截止时间诱导的竞争比。在四传感器对抗性流模型陷阱信道上,OCO-PAoI-Hard 在全部十组随机种子下均实现模型状态零违规,而四个代表性基线遗漏时段占比介于1.65%至64.0%,经验归一化遗憾始终低于理论边界,覆盖两个数量级的 T 值。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Safety-critical IoT systems such as industrial closed-loop control, V2X coordination, and remote teleoperation require every sensor's peak Age of Information (peak AoI, also abbreviated PAoI) to stay below a hard per-slot deadline, not merely an average bound. Existing approaches meet this requirement only under restrictive assumptions: stochastic channels for Whittle-index AoI, simulator rollouts for deep reinforcement learning, or sublinear cumulative violation for long-term constrained online convex optimization. Under adversarial coefficients, OCO-PAoI-Hard guarantees zero per-slot violation of the modeled AoI state under one-step viability and O(sqrt(T)) regret against any static safe comparator; packet-level safety requires stronger service assumptions. Our key observation is that the fractional peak-AoI deadline collapses exactly to an affine half-space constraint on the resource-allocation vector, turning hard real-time scheduling into time-varying constrained online convex optimization over a polyhedral safe set. A strictly causal proposal-shield-update loop enforces feasibility through one Euclidean projection per slot, the gradient step preserves no-regret behavior, and the classical virtual queue is reduced to an a-posteriori certificate. We establish closed-form static and dynamic regret bounds, a matching Omega(sqrt(T)) minimax lower bound, a margin-safe variant against execution noise, and a deadline-induced competitive ratio. On a four-sensor adversarial fluid-model trap channel, OCO-PAoI-Hard attains zero modeled-state deadline violations across all ten seeds, while four representative baselines miss between 1.65 percent and 64.0 percent of slots, and the empirical normalized regret stays below the theoretical envelope across two orders of magnitude in T.

实时调度信息时效在线优化物联网安全

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