用个性化语言恢复推荐中缺失的协同信号,提升生成式推荐准确率
Restoring Collaborative Signals in Semantic-ID Generative Recommendation via Personalized Natural Language

- 通过自然语言构建层级协同线索,动态注入推荐信号
- 在不重训练模型的情况下,使推荐准确率显著提升
- 适合追求高精度生成式推荐的工业场景应用
基于大模型的生成式推荐系统希望通过自然语言和显式推理实现更强的个性化,但当前方法在生成项目语义标识(SID)时存在知识表达不足、文本与SID嵌入空间错位的问题。深层原因在于紧凑的SID无法同时承载内容信息与协同信号,导致协同信号被压制。误预测的SID直接导致推荐错误,且多轮训练难以缓解。本文提出一种新框架,在生成过程中通过个性化自然语言引入层次化协同提示,不修改模型主干或重训练SID。该方法不直接映射语言到SID,而是利用语言建立可分析的协同模式与用户群体间的连接,从而恢复被忽略的协同信号。实验表明,该方法在推理阶段即能提升推荐准确率,无需依赖显式推理或再训练。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Making LLM-based generative recommendation models stronger and more personalized through natural language and explicit reasoning is a widely anticipated yet still unsolved goal. Such models cast recommendation as autoregressively generating an item's semantic-ID (SID), a short tuple of discrete codes, so that recommending well reduces to emitting the right SID. In this setting the model verbalizes its knowledge poorly, and text and SID tokens live in misaligned embedding spaces. Deep reasoning therefore rarely turns into a correct SID, and enabling explicit "thinking" often gives no gain or even hurts. The deeper cause is that a compact SID cannot hold content and collaborative signal at once: the two compete, and collaboration loses. Because a mis-predicted SID is a wrong recommendation, this caps accuracy directly. Costly multi-round training barely helps, and few methods try to supply the missing signal at inference time. What is missing is a reliable channel that carries collaborative signal into SID generation. We therefore propose a framework, guided by personalized natural language, that adds hierarchical collaborative cues as the model generates, without altering the backbone or retraining the SIDs. Rather than mapping language onto SIDs directly, it uses language to attach analyzable links between collaborative patterns and their audiences, restoring the collaborative signal that SIDs miss. The result is consistent gains in recommendation accuracy, grounding generation in collaborative structure at inference time rather than relying on explicit reasoning or retraining.
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