提出长期情绪对话新范式,关注用户能力可持续性。
Beyond Feeling Better: Capability-Sustaining Emotional Dialogue as a Longitudinal Research Paradigm

- 以用户情绪调节等能力维持为目标,重构对话设计框架
- 实证发现仅43%对话包含能力相关支持,多数为临时缓解
- 适合长期心理支持系统研发者与评估者参考
情绪对话研究存在两种主流策略:共情对话注重理解对方情绪体验,情感支持对话则聚焦当前需求匹配。但现有研究多追求即时缓解,忽视用户在互动全周期中情绪调节、应对能力、自我决策及社交联结等核心能力的持续发展。本文提出能力维持型情绪对话(CSED)作为纵向研究范式,将支持策略与能力可持续目标对齐,并围绕重复使用、非使用、过渡与终止等阶段,组织数据、模型、系统设计、评估与治理。基于PRISMA-ScR指南的文献与语料审计显示,在60篇系统构建论文中,95%聚焦缓解导向目标;无一评估能力或长期效果,仅1篇涉及依赖性、自主性或终止风险。在ESConv数据集中,300个支持者发言中,仅有43.0%体现能力相关功能,而通用建议占22.0%,再评估仅4.0%,自我效能支持6.7%,边界行为仅0.3%。研究发布扩展审计协议以评估模型行为,提出连接用户潜在能力与六项设计承诺、四类评估时长及生命周期约束的过程模型。该议程使CSED可在数据、政策、训练、评估与治理层面实现可验证测试。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Emotional dialogue research includes two influential strategy traditions. Empathetic dialogue prioritizes understanding a speaker's emotional experience. Emotional support conversation selects and sequences support for the seeker's current needs. Sustained use introduces a further goal. Effective support should sustain users' capacities for emotion regulation, coping, self-endorsed decisions, and social connection across the interaction lifecycle. We propose capability-sustaining emotional dialogue (CSED) as a longitudinal research paradigm that aligns supportive strategy with this goal and organizes data, models, system design, evaluation, and governance around repeated use, non-use, transition, and termination. A targeted literature-and-corpus audit motivates this position. In a PRISMA-ScR-guided sample, 95% of 60 system-building papers pursue relief-oriented goals. None evaluates capability or longitudinal outcomes, and only 1 considers dependency, autonomy, or termination risk. In 300 ESConv supporter turns, capability-relevant functions appear in 43.0%, while generic suggestions account for 22.0%, compared with 4.0% reappraisal, 6.7% self-efficacy support, and 0.3% boundary behavior. We release a protocol for extending the audit to model behavior. An illustrative process model connects latent user capability to six design commitments, four evaluation timescales, and lifecycle constraints. The resulting agenda makes CSED testable across data, policy design, training, evaluation, and governance.
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