用多层反欺诈机制,让DeFi奖励更公平地分配给真实用户。
ZAPs: A Reward Attribution Framework for DeFi Ecosystems with Adversarial-Robust Scoring via Parallel Anomaly Ensemble Detection
- 通过分层加权与百分位归一化,抑制大账户操纵
- 四层防御体系在1073个恶意钱包上实现0.923的检测准确率
- 实测减少56%恶意分配,提升高质量用户参与度
激励计划是去中心化金融中获取用户的中心环节,但许多奖励系统依赖原始交易量、交易次数和钱包数,易受机器人和身份伪造攻击。我们提出ZAPs,一种结合经济贡献评分与对抗鲁棒性的奖励归属框架。复合活动评分采用协议特定的百分位归一化,限制鲸鱼账户主导,同时保留用户间差异性。两层加权机制结合协议在行业内的份额与行业在生态中的份额,降低小协议套利收益。我们证明,任一协议可获得的最大奖励受其全球交易量份额约束。ZAPs引入四层防御体系:交易级完整性检查、并行异常集合检测、分布后行为记忆和基于图的伪造账户聚类。异常集合融合单类重构模型与孤立森林,采用渐进式而非二元惩罚。在1,073个标注恶意钱包(覆盖124,638笔交易)上,集成模型达到0.923±0.013的ROC-AUC,优于仅用重构模型的0.891±0.016;若孤立森林在全体数据上训练,则极性反转且集成优势消失。受控模拟显示,对抗性奖励获取降低30%-90%,合法用户场景变化仅1%-8%。真实活动记录显示,伪造分配减少56%,优质钱包参与度提升49%,卖出压力下降50%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Incentive programs are central to user acquisition in decentralized finance, but many reward systems rely on raw volume, transaction count, and wallet count, making them vulnerable to bots and sybil operations. We present ZAPs, a reward attribution framework that combines economic contribution scoring with adversarial robustness. A composite activity score uses protocol-specific percentile normalization to limit whale dominance while preserving differentiation among users. A two-layer weighting mechanism combines protocol share within sector and sector share within the ecosystem, which reduces the profitability of farming small protocols. We show that the maximum reward obtainable from any protocol is bounded by that protocol's global volume share. ZAPs also introduces a four-layer defense stack consisting of transaction-level integrity checks, a parallel anomaly ensemble, post-distribution behavioral memory, and graph-based sybil clustering. The anomaly ensemble combines a one-class reconstruction model with an isolation forest and applies graduated rather than binary penalties. On 1,073 labeled malicious wallets covering 124,638 transactions, the ensemble achieves 0.923 +/- 0.013 ROC-AUC, compared with 0.891 +/- 0.016 for the reconstruction model alone, when the isolation forest is trained on benign wallets. Training it on the pooled population reverses its polarity and removes the ensemble gain. Controlled simulations reduce adversarial reward capture by 30-90 percent while legitimate-user scenarios change by 1-8 percent. Live campaigns recorded a 56 percent reduction in sybil allocation, a 49 percent increase in quality-wallet participation, and a 50 percent reduction in sell pressure.
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