提出DECODE框架,解决生成图像检测中持续学习时的双重退化问题。
DECODE: Tackling Representation and Decision Degradation in Continual AI-Generated Image Detection

- 分离表示与决策模块,分别防止特征和分类边界退化。
- 在19个生成域上平均准确率达99.36%,遗忘率仅0.39%。
- 适用于需持续更新的AI图像检测系统,尤其适合对抗新生成模型。
随着生成模型不断演进,AI生成图像检测器必须持续适应新兴生成领域,同时保留对以往领域的知识。这一持续学习场景极具挑战性,因为取证痕迹往往细微且生成器特异,导致检测器极易发生灾难性遗忘。现有方法主要通过稳定特征表示来缓解此问题,隐含将遗忘视为表示层面的难题。本文揭示该视角不完整:即使特征表示保持判别性,分类头在持续优化新领域时仍会逐步漂移决策边界。这两种效应共同引发一种复合失效模式,称为双重退化(Dual Degradation)。为此,我们提出DECODE,一种解耦的持续检测框架,联合缓解表示与决策层面的遗忘。具体而言,引入子空间多样性正则化(SDR)以保留多样化的取证表示,并设计闭式决策对齐(CDA),在每次适配器合并后自动重校共享分类头,无需人工调参。在19个生成域上的大量实验表明,DECODE实现平均准确率99.36%,遗忘率仅0.39%;并在11个未见生成器上泛化至95.36%准确率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As generative models continue to evolve, AI-generated image detectors must incrementally adapt to emerging generative domains while preserving knowledge acquired from previous ones. This continual learning setting is particularly challenging because forensic traces are often subtle and generator-specific, making detectors highly vulnerable to catastrophic forgetting. Existing methods primarily address this problem by stabilizing feature representations, implicitly treating forgetting as a representation-level issue. In this paper, we show that this perspective is incomplete. We demonstrate that even when feature representations remain discriminative, the decision boundary can progressively drift as the classification head is continually optimized on new domains. These two effects jointly give rise to a compound failure mode, termed Dual Degradation. To overcome this challenge, we propose DECODE, a decoupled continual detection framework that jointly mitigates representation- and decision-level forgetting. Specifically, we introduce Subspace Diversity Regularization (SDR) to preserve diverse forensic representations and Closed-Form Decision Alignment (CDA) to recalibrate the shared classification head after each adapter merge without manual hyperparameter tuning. Extensive experiments on 19 generative domains show that DECODE achieves an average accuracy of 99.36% with only 0.39% forgetting, while further generalizing to 11 unseen generators with 95.36% accuracy.
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