arXiv:2607.28596cs.RO2026-07

提出自适应频率的扩散策略,让机械臂在接触前保持多样动作、接触后快速反应。

FA-RDP: A Frequency-Adaptive Reactive Diffusion Policy for Contact-Rich Manipulation

论文配图:FA-RDP: A Frequency-Adaptive Reactive Diffusion Policy for Contact-Rich Manipulation
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 根据接触状态动态调整采样频率,兼顾动作多样性与实时反馈
  • 在三个接触密集任务中成功率最高,且保留了多种前期轨迹模式
  • 适合需要高灵活性与强响应性的复杂操作场景

在接触密集型操作中,动作的多模态性与反应性分别主导不同阶段。接触前存在多个等效轨迹,需保持动作模式多样性;接触后几何约束和力限缩小解空间,成功执行依赖对力反馈的快速响应。标准扩散策略采用固定推理频率和采样步数,造成根本权衡:低频多步采样利于保留接触前的多模态性,但响应慢;高频采样提升反应性,却易导致前期动作模式坍缩。为此,本文提出FA-RDP,一种频率自适应的反应式扩散策略。共享的多频率视觉-力Transformer在低频和高频下同时预测动作块,学习到的多模态指示器动态选择:接触前使用多步低频采样,接触后转为单步高频采样以降低动作模糊性。进一步引入流形一致性蒸馏(MCD),将扩散网络重参数化为在机器人动作流形上预测动作,同时保留基于DDPM的残差监督。在三个接触密集型操作任务上的实验表明,FA-RDP在保持多样化预接触轨迹的同时达到最高成功率。代码与视频见https://fa-rdp.github.io。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In contact-rich manipulation, action multimodality and reactivity dominate different stages of a single episode. Before contact, multiple trajectories might be equally valid, making it important to preserve diverse action modes. After contact, geometric constraints and force limits narrow the solution space, while successful execution demands rapid responses to force feedback. However, standard diffusion policies use a fixed inference frequency and sampling steps throughout the episode, forcing a fundamental compromise: low-frequency, multi-step sampling better preserves pre-contact multimodality but responds slowly to force feedback, whereas high-frequency sampling improves reactivity but tends to collapse distinct pre-contact modes. To resolve this tradeoff, we present FA-RDP, a frequency-adaptive reactive diffusion policy. A shared multi-frequency visual-force Transformer predicts action chunks at both low and high frequencies, while a learned multimodality indicator dynamically selects multi-step low-frequency sampling before contact and one-step high-frequency sampling as action ambiguity decreases. We further introduce Manifold Consistency Distillation (MCD), which reparameterizes the diffusion network to predict actions on the robot action manifold while retaining DDPM-based residual supervision. Experiments on three contact-rich manipulation tasks show that FA-RDP achieves the highest success rate while preserving diverse pre-contact trajectory modes. Code and videos are available at https://fa-rdp.github.io.

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