arXiv:2607.29156cs.CV2026-07

通过逐步决策更新,更精准定位难以识别的AI伪造图像区域。

Progressive Decision-Making for Localizing Open-Ended AI-Generated Image Forgeries

论文配图:Progressive Decision-Making for Localizing Open-Ended AI-Generated Image Forgeries
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将定位过程变为逐步更新的动态决策,而非一次性预测
  • 在未见过的AI伪造图像上表现更好,尤其擅长处理模糊痕迹
  • 适合需要高鲁棒性伪造检测的安防与内容审核场景

随着生成模型不断演进,AI生成图像伪造日益逼真,难以用固定模式表征。单纯依赖大规模训练数据已无法覆盖所有伪造形态。尽管多数伪造仍留下细微痕迹,但这些线索往往微弱且分布不均。因此,可靠定位不仅需提取有效痕迹,还需基于不完整、模糊证据做出可信判断。本文提出一种渐进式决策机制,将定位图视为中间状态而非最终输出。通过轻量级决策证据投影器提取中尺度痕迹,并引入证据引导的Mamba(EG-Mamba)实现考虑不确定性和边界条件的状态更新。该设计能保留可信区域,谨慎修正模糊区域。在传统与AI生成伪造基准上的大量实验验证了有效性。即使仅在传统伪造数据上训练,该方法对未知的AI伪造仍带来显著提升,表明渐进决策对异构且难以穷尽学习的伪造痕迹尤为关键。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

AI-generated image forgeries are becoming increasingly realistic and difficult to characterize with fixed manipulation patterns. As generative models continue to evolve, it is impractical to expect a localization model to exhaustively learn all possible forgery appearances from large-scale training data alone. Nevertheless, many AI-generated forgeries still leave subtle forensic traces, although these cues are often weak and unevenly reliable across regions. Therefore, robust localization requires not only extracting informative forensic traces, but also making reliable decisions from incomplete and ambiguous evidence. In this paper, we move beyond static one-shot prediction and reformulate final forgery localization as an adaptive sequential decision-updating process, where the localization map is treated as an intermediate state rather than a fixed output. Rather than producing the final mask via one-shot pixel-wise prediction, our method progressively updates the localization state guided by available evidence, uncertainty, and boundary conditions. Specifically, we first transform mesoscopic traces into compact decision evidence via a lightweight decision evidence projector, and then introduce Evidence-Guided Mamba (EG-Mamba) to perform uncertainty- and boundary-aware state updating. This design allows reliable manipulated and background regions to be preserved, while ambiguous regions are cautiously revised according to the available evidence. Extensive experiments on both conventional and AI-generated manipulation benchmarks validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Notably, even when trained only on conventional manipulation data, our method brings larger gains on unseen AI-generated forgeries, indicating that progressive decision-updating is especially useful for heterogeneous and hard-to-exhaustively-learn manipulation traces.

伪造检测图像分析渐进决策

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